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1
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The Situation of Economic Activity of Female Rural Dwellers in the Research Perspective

100%
Psyk-Piotrowska E.
Polish Sociological Review
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2011
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vol. 172
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issue 4
447-466
EN
The study is devoted to sociological problems pertaining to the situation of women in the labour market. The problems were presented in the view of rural women themselves in relation to sociological literature and statistical data. The data which constitute the basis for the study are made up of 1600 questionnaires carried out on a nationwide sample of rural women as well as the reports from focus group interviews conducted with four groups of rural women. The study on ‘Rural women in the labour market. The diagnosis, conditions and prospects’ was carried out in 2007–2008 as a part of SOPHRD1.6 (b) project ‘The diagnosis of the social and professional situation of rural women in Poland” funded by ESF and implemented by the Polish Social Policy Association in cooperation with the Ministry of Labour and Social Policy. The objective of the research was to carry out a diagnosis and to indicate the reasons and the determinants of rural women’s activity and inactivity in the labour market. Researchers outlined independent variables regarded as potential indicators of economic activity, the sense of job security, inactivity and the plans concerning future employment. The indicators were grouped into seven sets: 1. variables related to the social standing of an individual 2. family situation 3. socialization patterns 4. socio-political activity 5. environment-related factors 6. educational activity 7. a subjective assessment of the local labour market. The paper focuses on a number of socio-demographic correlates that affect rural women’s labour market situation and merely outlines the presence of other variables that might be important from the point of view of professional activity of this group of women.
2
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The role of rewards and demands in burnout among surgical nurses

100%
Basińska B. A., Wilczek-Rużyczka E.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
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2013
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vol. 26
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issue 4
593-604
EN
Objective: Job rewards have both, an intrinsic and an extrinsic motivational potential, and lead to employees' development as well as help them to achieve work goals. Rewards can balance job demands and protect from burnout. Due to changes on the labour market, new studies are needed. The aim of our study was to examine the role of demands and individual rewards (and their absence) in burnout among surgical nurses. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in 2009 and 2010 with 263 nurses who worked in surgical wards and clinics in hospitals in Southern Poland. The hypotheses were tested by the use of measures of demands and rewards (Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire by Siegrist) and burnout syndrome (Maslach Burnout Inventory). A cross-sectional, correlational study design was applied. Results: Nurses experienced the largest deficiencies in salary and prestige. Exhaustion was explained by stronger demands and lack of respect (large effect). Depersonalization was explained by stronger demands, lack of respect and greater job security (medium effect). Reduced personal achievement was explained by more demands and greater job security (small effect). Conclusions: Excessive demands and lack of esteem are key reasons for burnout among surgical nurses. Job security can increase burnout when too many resources are invested and career opportunities do not appear. These results may help to improve human resource management in the healthcare sector.
3

Organizational Flexibility, Employee Security, and Organizational Efficiency – a Case Study of Slovenian Public and Private Sector Organizations

86%
Kozjek T., Ferjan M.
Organizacija
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2015
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vol. 48
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issue 1
3-21
EN
Background: Literature defines different types of flexibility and security with regard to work. Regardless of which type of flexibility or security is discussed, the consequences for individuals, organizations or employers and society are significant. Purpose: The purpose of the research was to compare and analyse the correlation between the different types of flexibility and security in work and organizational efficiency. Methodology: Data was gathered using the Computer-Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) method. A link to an online questionnaire was e-mailed to randomly selected organisations across all economic sectors in Slovenia that had a published e-mail address, either in business directories or on a company website. We asked them to forward our e-mail to their employees. The correlation between different variables was used for data analysis. Results: The results of our research show that there is a low positive level of correlation between different types of flexibility and security in the context of work and also between different types of flexibility in work and organizational efficiency. The correlation between different types of security in work and organizational efficiency is positive and medium strong. Conclusion: It is recommended that the legislators be aware of the importance of their correlation with organizational efficiency when preparing legislative amendments regarding introduction of the flexibility and security in the field of work.
4
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Labour market flexibility v. job security – a comparative analysis of Swiss and Po- lish labour law regulations on fixed-term employment contracts

81%
Ludera-Ruszel A.
Przegląd Politologiczny
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2015
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issue 3
55-63
PL
W dobie gospodarki opartej na wiedzy, elastyczność staje się istotna dla pracodawcy i pracownika. Dążenie do większej elastyczności na rynku pracy powoduje wzrost popularności atypowych form zatrudnienia, w tym także umowy o pracę na czas określony, które jednak są uważane za mniej bezpieczną formę zatrudnienia w porównaniu do umowy o pracę na czas nieokreślony. W tych warunkach istotnym wyzwaniem staje się zachowanie właściwej równowagi między elastycznością rynku pracy a bezpieczeństwem zatrudnienia. Opierając się na analizie regulacji prawnych o umowie o pracę na czas określony obowiązujących w Polsce i w Szwajcarii, przedmiotem niniejszego artykułu jest ustalenie jak powyższy stosunek został ukształtowany w odniesieniu do umowy o pracę na czas określony.
EN
In the time of a knowledge-based economy, flexibility has become increasingly important for both employers and employees. The process of making the labour market flexible leads to the greater popularity of atypical forms of employment, with fixed-term employment contracts among them, which are considered to be less consistent with the protective function of labour law in comparison with indefinite-term employment contracts. The right balance between labour market flexibility and job security has become a real concern. Taking into account the legal regulations on fixed-term employment contracts which are now in force in Poland and Switzerland, this paper determines how that relationship has been shaped in those countries with reference to fixed-term employment contracts.
5
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FLEXICURITY – UNIJNA STRATEGIA ELASTYCZNEGO ZATRUDNIENIA

58%
Świątkowski A. M.
Polityka Społeczna
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2015
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vol. 42
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issue 1(490)
1-7
EN
One side of flexicurity is about successful transitions during one’s life course: from school to work, from one job to another, between inactivity and work. During professionally active stages of one’s live flexicurity is about upward mobility and development of individual talents. The other side of flexiblity is about flexible work organisation. Security on the hand is about equipping workers with the skills that enable them to help them to find new employment opportunities. The author examines the UE Commission’s concept from “job security” to “employment security” and guideline required an individual’s involvement in the market.
PL
W niniejszym artykule zostały prześledzone procesy tworzenia i wdrażania idei flexicurity z perspektywy unijnej i krajowej oraz dokonana ocena efektywności polityki społecznej podjętej w drugiej połowie lat 90. ubiegłego stulecia.
6

Zagrożenia dla równowagi życie zawodowe a prywatne w kontekście wymagań stawianych współczesnym pracownikom

51%
Szydlik-Leszczyńska A.
|
2017
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vol. 9(45)
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issue 3
77-88
PL
Wzrost wymagań wobec pracowników, spowodowany szybkim rozwojem nowych technologii, procesami globalizacyjnymi czy rozwojem gospodarki opartej na wiedzy i równocześnie funkcjonowanie pracowników w warunkach braku poczucia bezpieczeństwa pracy, przyczynił się do powstania takich negatywnych zjawisk, jak pracoholizm czy wypalenie zawodowe. Zjawiska te przyczyniają się do zaburzeń równowagi między życiem zawodowym a prywatnym przejawiających się zaniedbywaniem życia osobistego na rzecz pracy. Prowadzą one do utraty zdrowia, konfliktów domowych i braku zadowolenia z życia, a część osób, by móc poświęcać się pracy, odkłada na później decyzje dotyczące zakładania i powiększania rodziny.
EN
The increase of demands towards employees caused by the fast development of technology, globalization processes, development of economy based on knowledge and, at the same time, functioning of employees in the conditions of job security absence, contributed to such phenomena such as workaholism or professional burn-out. These phenomena contribute to a dysfunction of balance between working and private life, which can be seen in the context of neglecting private life in favour of work. They lead to health loss, domestic conflicts and lack of life satisfaction. Moreover, in order to devote themselves to work, some people postpone the decision of setting up and expanding their families.
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