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Archiwum Główne Królestwa kontynuatorem zadań kancelarii koronnej w zakresie badania dokumentów

100%

Chorążyczewski W.

Miscellanea Historico-Archivistica

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2011

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vol. 18

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issue 18

165-186

EN

Currently judgment on the authenticity and reliability of records is not one of the tasks of the archives. However, such judgment constituted one of the main tasks of the former chancelleries. So if the Central Archives of the Kingdom of Poland acted in this area in the 19th century it was done as a continuator of the pre– partitions crown chancellery. Author based his analysis of the title phenomenon on the examination of documents executed by the Central Archives, and preserved as a correspondence from the Commission for Governmental Justice [Komisja Rządowej Sprawiedliwości] in Warsaw with the Secretariat of State of the Polish Kingdom [Sekretariat Stanu Królestwa Polskiego] in St. Petersburg. Opinions on the authenticity and reliability of documents were needed by the central offices of the Russian Empire which were located in St. Petersburg, in the cases studied in this article: Ministry of Justice or Department of Heraldry of the Ruling Senate [Departament Heroldii Senatu Rządzącego]. Secretariat of State acted as a go–between. Legal and political system required this kind of mediation but this lengthened significantly the time of doing things. Only about 20% of the time took appropriate consideration of the merits of a matter or archival query, the remaining time took translation of documents from Russian to Polish and vice versa, and transfer them between offices. Studying records of Secretariat of State of the Polish Kingdom author came across a trail of 43 records examinated by the Central Archives of the Kingdom. 5 out of these records were from the 16th century, 10 from the 17th century and 28 from the 18th century. Documents were usually issued by Kings of Poland (39 documents - 91%). It is striking that very often apparently erroneous, documents were directed to the Central Archives, although they could be checked at the Lithuanian Metrica (Acta Magni Ducatus Lithuaniae) stored in St. Petersburg. However, detailed and thorough analysis of the official correspondence leads to the conclusion that more important than finding of the paper at the Crown Register (Metrica Regni Poloniae) was to obtain the opinion on the original from experts working at the Central Archives, regardless whether it was a document of the Crown or Lithuanian and whether it concerned of the Polish Kingdom, or territories annexed to the Russian Empire.

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Geneza przybrania przez Jerzego Ossolińskiego tytułu „hrabia z Tęczyna”.

72%

Górny R.

Miscellanea Historico-Archivistica

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2016

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issue 23

163-177

PL

W 1621 r. Jerzy Ossoliński (1595-1650) przyjął tytuł „hrabiego z Tęczyna”. Ponieważ pieczętował się herbem Topór, powstało powszechne przekonanie, że ród Ossolińskich wywodził się z rodu Tęczyńskich, pieczętującego się tym herbem. Pogląd ten, powtarzany w staropolskich herbarzach, obalono w latach 90. XX w. Z powodu braku dokumentów źródłowych nie udało się wyjaśnić kwestii przybrania tytułu „hrabiów z Tęczyna” przez rodzinę Ossolińskich. Argumentacja, jakoby Zbigniew Ossoliński w 1593 r. został adoptowany do nazwiska przez umierającego Jana Tęczyńskiego, podkomorzego krakowskiego, wydaje się być mało przekonująca. Bardziej prawdopodobne jest działanie kancelarii królewskiej, która nadała Jerzemu Ossolińskiemu ten tytuł w instrukcji poselskiej do Anglii. Miało to służyć podniesieniu prestiżu osoby posła, który nie piastował jeszcze żadnych urzędów ani godności. Ten natomiast, w obliczu szerzącej się wówczas ideologii szlacheckiej, opartej o religię i zmitologizowane genealogie, zadbał by przydomek „z Tęczyna” na stałe pozostał przy nazwisku jego rodu. Do tego celu wykorzystał autorytet kancelarii koronnej.

EN

In 1621 Jerzy Ossoliński (1595–1650) assumed the title of "Count of Tęczyn". Because he used the coat of arms Topór (an Ax), there was a widespread belief that Ossolińskis Family was a descendant of Tęczyńskis Family who used the same coat of arms. This view was repeated in the old Polish armorials but overthrown in the 1990s. Due to the absence of source documents it was failed to explain how the Ossoliński family assumed the title of "Counts of Tęczyn". The argument that the dying Jan Tęczyński, chamberlain of Cracow, allegedly adopted Zbigniew Ossoliński in 1593. seems to be unconvincing. More likely it was the outcome of the action of the Royal Chancelery, which added that title to Jerzy Ossoliński’s envoy mandate to England. This was made to increase prestige of an envoy who did not held any office or dignity at that time. Jerzy Ossoliński, however, facing the spreading ideology of the nobility that was based on religion and mythologized genealogies and took care to preserve the title "from Tęczyn" that finally permanently stayed with the name of his family. For this purpose, he used the authority of the Crown Office.

3

Geneza przybrania przez Jerzego Ossolińskiego tytułu „hrabia z Tęczyna”

72%

Górny R.

Miscellanea Historico-Archivistica

|

2016

|

issue 23

163-177

EN

In 1621 Jerzy Ossoliński (1595–1650) assumed the title of "Count of Tęczyn". Because he used the coat of arms Topór (an Ax), there was a widespread belief that Ossolińskis Family was a descendant of Tęczyńskis Family who used the same coat of arms. This view was repeated in the old Polish armorials but overthrown in the 1990s. Due to the absence of source documents it was failed to explain how the Ossoliński family assumed the title of "Counts of Tęczyn". The argument that the dying Jan Tęczyński, chamberlain of Cracow, allegedly adopted Zbigniew Ossoliński in 1593. seems to be unconvincing. More likely it was the outcome of the action of the Royal Chancelery, which added that title to Jerzy Ossoliński’s envoy mandate to England. This was made to increase prestige of an envoy who did not held any office or dignity at that time. Jerzy Ossoliński, however, facing the spreading ideology of the nobility that was based on religion and mythologized genealogies and took care to preserve the title "from Tęczyn" that finally permanently stayed with the name of his family. For this purpose, he used the authority of the Crown Office.

4

[Recenzja]: Irena Sułkowska-Kurasiowa, Polska kancelaria królewska w latach 1447-1506, Zakł. Narod. im. Ossol., Wrocław 1967, ss. 181

72%

Lenort F.

Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne

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1968

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vol. 16

306-309

EN

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Malarski i rysunkowy wystrój ksiąg Metryki Koronnej ze zbiorów Archiwum Głównego Akt Dawnych

58%

Wieczorek M.

Biuletyn Historii Sztuki

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2022

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vol. 84

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issue 1

43-105

EN

The set of the Crown Registrum kept at the Central Archives of Historical Records in Warsaw testifies to the registrum system operating in the Polish Crown of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Among 768 books forming the set, 31 volumes (17th – 18th c) have been identified as those featuring painterly or drawing decoration. Most commonly the decoration was placed on title pages of respective volumes, less frequently on pages opening entries for subsequent years. In single cases they are in the form of initials or ornaments within the text, or stemma compositions dedicated to respective sealers. The analysis of the collected material has allowed to divide it into three categories. The criterion for classification was the identity of the decoration authors, their bonds with the Chancellery, and skill potential. The first group encompasses the majority of decoration created on the registrum pages. The decoration was authored by lower-ranking Chancellery staff who can be provisionally termed ‘artists-chancellists’. At the same time, it was on their initiative that the books were decorated, which may have been a method of pleasing their supervisors. The discussed works reveal little artistry and the use of simple drawing techniques. Among the identified artists there are both individuals recorded in studies on Old-Polish diplomacy: Michał Meger (d. after 4 September 1652), Maciej Ładowski (ca 1640 – ca 1715), as well as individuals previously unrecorded in literature: Jan Rawecki (active in 1642–1645) or Jakub Czechowicz (active in 1659–1669). In this context the analysis of the iconographic source can be seen as a complement to the research into royal Chancellery staffing. It also reveals interesting potential for identifying print models the ‘artists-chancellists’ made reference to. A substantial dependence of the decorated pages on book prints has been noted. The identification of definite graphic patterns would provide insight into the interests and intellectual scope of the Chancellery staff. It is frontispieces of two books of Chancellor Andrzej Lipski created in ca 1620 that are classified in the second category of decorations. Their author remains anonymous, however certain analogies with the illuminations by Marcin Proszowski (d. before 1642) suggest that the decoration author was a guild painter. Meanwhile, the initiative to have the decoration executed may be attributed to Royal Secretary Jan Szałapski, an official directly supervising the registrum. He is likely to have commissioned the book decoration in order to emphasize his own importance within the structures of the Chancellery. The last category encompasses two title pages executed by professional calligraphers focusing on decorating documents and Chancellery books: Ludwik Dagobert (b. 1661, active in the 1680s and 90s) and Wojciech Domański (active in 1742–1769). Both were employees of a central office, yet it is difficult to unequivocally ascertain whether decorating books was their own initiative, or whether it was commissioned by the metricant responsible for the registrum. In the case of Domański it is likely that he served several chancelleries parallelly. It is also known that apart from royal diplomas, he also decorated bishops’ documents. As for Dagobert, the technique he applied was intriguing, since he printed his decoration from engraved and etched copper plates. It is, however, likely that he himself did not work out the matrixes he used. Regrettably, the etcher whose services he may have used has not been identified. Nonetheless, a certain affinity has been observed of Dagobert’s decoration to the oeuvre of Charles de la Haye (1641 – after 1707?) and Jerzy Eleuter Szymonowicz-Siemiginowski (ca 1660 – before 13 March 1711). The analysis of the decoration of the Crown Metrics has proven useful in the study of illuminated documents of Polish kings. Furthermore, the observations made point to the urgent need to thoroughly research into decorated Chancellery books of the Old-Polish period.

PL

Artykuł podejmuje temat dekorowanych ksiąg należących do zespołu Metryki Koronnej ze zbiorów Archiwum Głównego Akt Dawnych w Warszawie. Zdobienia zidentyfikowano na kartach 31 woluminów powstałych w XVII i XVIII w. Analiza zgromadzonego materiału wykazała pokrewieństwa łączące dekorowane księgi regestru z iluminacjami dokumentów wydawanych przez polskich monarchów. Oprócz analogii kompozycyjnych odnotować można także udział tych samych twórców. Na kartach woluminów udało się zidentyfikować dzieła artystów opisywanych we wcześniejszej literaturze (Ludwika Dagoberta, Wojciecha Domańskiego), a także dekoratorów dotychczas nienotowanych (Jana Raweckiego, Jakuba Czechowicza). Zaobserwowano również, że większość autorów zdobień rekrutowała się z personelu kancelarii królewskiej. Dekoracje ksiąg Metryki Koronnej mogą zatem stanowić cenne źródło informacji dla badań nad składem osobowym centralnych urzędów państwa.

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Archiwum Główne Królestwa kontynuatorem zadań kancelarii koronnej w zakresie badania dokumentów

Geneza przybrania przez Jerzego Ossolińskiego tytułu „hrabia z Tęczyna”.

Geneza przybrania przez Jerzego Ossolińskiego tytułu „hrabia z Tęczyna”

[Recenzja]: Irena Sułkowska-Kurasiowa, Polska kancelaria królewska w latach 1447-1506, Zakł. Narod. im. Ossol., Wrocław 1967, ss. 181

Malarski i rysunkowy wystrój ksiąg Metryki Koronnej ze zbiorów Archiwum Głównego Akt Dawnych