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Karel Klostermann : dokumentarista Šumavy?

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Hořejší M.
Česká literatura (Czech Literature)
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2017
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vol. 65
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issue 4
565-589
EN
This study engages in a critique of the documentary validity of Karel Klostermann’s (1848–1923) “Bohemian Forest” work, particularly with regard to the dominant narrative on the destruction of the “original” Bohemian Forest as a result of the unprecedented windstorm of 1870, which is a prominent motif in contemporary discourse on the Bohemian Forest National Park. By excerpting all the descriptions of the natural environment in the novels Ze světa lesních samot (From the World of Forest Solitude, 1891), V ráji šumavském (The Bohemian Forest Paradise, 1893) and the accompanying Črt ze Šumavy (Bohemian Forest Sketch, 1890) I create maps which are then contrasted to each other. By comparing them with the “overall” (general) descriptions, i.e. those relating to each book’s entire setting, I came to detect some significant discrepancies. I consider one substantial finding to be that although on the basis of general descriptions, Klostermann stated that the “Bohemian Forest” indeed underwent fundamental disruption in autumn 1870, his local descriptions tend more to indicate that there was no significant change in the ratio of “original” and exploited land resulting from the windstorm, the bark beetle outbreak and subsequent woodcropping. Hence the narrative that is traditionally identified with Klostermann’s work primarily arises from an inconsistent interpretation of text associated with the writer’s specific role (which, it should be added, is also partially reflected by him) as a creator of the collective memory for the entire region.
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Prodá Chudobu a koupí si Nouzín - lidová etymologie, lidová paměť a Český koutek v Kladsku

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Ptáčníková M.
Národopisný věstník
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2022
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vol. 63
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issue 2
444-455
EN
Folk etymology refers to the process of making connections between etymologically opaque words and words that despite having similar forms or meanings are etymologically different. It is a manifestation of people’s natural need to attain a clear understanding of the things that surround them, identify relationships between them, and give them an order. The first part of the study addresses folk etymology vis-à-vis folk memory. The second part focuses on folk interpretations of toponyms that were used by the inhabitants of the Czech Corner, a territory located in Kłodzko Land in what is now Poland. Arguably, the most remarkable example of these is the traditional folk interpretation of “selling Poverty to buy Need”, meaning that the financial situation of the local people was never very good. The phraseme, which contains the names of two villages on the Czech border ‒ Chudoba (EN: poverty) and Nouzín (EN: place where people are in need), is believed to be based on the common assumption that the two place names remind us of the poverty that the region faced. The reality is however that etymologically Nouzín has nothing to do with „need“. Additionally, the study deals with folk interpretations of the toponyms Pálenina, Kodrcov, Plhánek, Zámecká hora and Pec.
3
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Vzpomínání na druhou světovou válku v generační perspektivě. Od narativu národního k narativu globálnímu a abstraktizovanému

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Švaříčková Slabáková R.
Český lid: etnologický časopis (Český lid: Ethnological journal)
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2020
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vol. 107
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issue 2
189-210
EN
The aim of the article is to gain a more comprehensive insight into the Czech collective memory of the Second World War. The article suggests that vivid collective representations of the Second World War are formed by family memory as well as by generational memory. On the example of four generations, the article shows the transformation of a national narrative of persecution and resistance of the oldest generation into an abstracted and generalized narrative of the youngest generation. Attention is paid to family recollections, their importance for the creation of the war memory by older generations, and their gradual disappearance from younger generations. The article documents the change of the perspective with which the youngest generation remembers the Second World War and stresses the emotional engagement of remembering. It argues that holocaust memory is well included into the Czech collective memory but in a new form shaped by the new culture of remembering.
CS
Cílem studie je porozumět lépe české kolektivní paměti druhé světové války. Studie předpokládá, že živé kolektivní představy o druhé světové válce jsou formovány rodinnou pamětí, stejně jako pamětí generační. Na příkladu čtyř generací studie ukazuje proměnu národního narativu perzekuce a odporu nejstarší generace až k abstraktizované a generalizované podobě narativu druhé světové války v nejmladší generaci. Pozornost je věnována rodinným vzpomínkám, jejich důležitosti pro formování představy o válce u starších generací a postupnému vytrácení rodinných příběhů z pamětí generací mladších. Studie dokládá změnu perspektivy, s níž se nejmladší generace vztahuje ke druhé světové válce a podtrhuje důležitost emocionálního rámce vzpomínání příslušníků této generace. Čelné místo v představě o druhé světové válce nejmladších generací zaujímá holokaust, ovšem v podobě, jež je diktována novou kulturou vzpomínání.
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