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The “Gryfice Scandal” In Poznań - Dealing with Abuses Committed in the Process of Establishing Cooperative Farms in the Poznań Region

100%

Jankowiak S.

Studia Historiae Oeconomicae

2017

vol. 35

61-79

Several years after the war, a revolution started in the Polish agriculture - even though until 1948, the authorities claimed that farms in Poland would not be collectivized. The new stage meant that things accelerated quickly. Central party authorities determined the number of cooperatives to be established per year in a top-down manner. The Poznań region was considered particularly opposed to the system, hence the pressure to establish cooperative farms was particularly intense. The quick pace of the operation and accountability of the party officials for its results meant that they often resorted to prohibited methods of forcing resistant individuals to enter into cooperatives. Though party guidelines emphasized that the process was voluntary, and formally banned any form of pressure, various forms of power abuse were tolerated in practice. Only when the situation rapidly escalated into scandals, the authorities stigmatized the illegal methods. However, after a while, the situation returned to normal, and the anomalies reoccurred. The problem was that the principles of the operation were flawed. One of the party activists claimed that establishing cooperatives according to the guidelines would have taken 200 years to complete. Farmers had to be coerced, otherwise they would never have joined cooperatives. Most cooperative farms established this way collapsed in 1956.

Marija Hel, „Jak się już za to wzięliśmy, to trzeba walczyć do końca”. Historia oporu ukraińskiej dysydentki w ZSRR

51%

Doboszewska A.

Wrocławski Rocznik Historii Mówionej

2022

vol. 12

250-277

The story of Mariya Hel, one of the Ukrainian dissidents active in the USSR since the 1960s till 1980s, reveals the life path of a person who opposed the totalitarian system despite the costs incurred, both in her personal and professional life. The narrator consciously took on the challenges that arose. There are many threads in her life story: post-war resettlement, collectivization in Western Ukraine, the restoration of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church; above all, however, the daily activities of the dissident community in Soviet Ukraine stand out.

Opowieść Mariji Hel, jednej z ukraińskich dysydentek działających w ZSRR od lat 60. do 80. XX w., ukazuje drogę życiową osoby, która pomimo ponoszonych kosztów, zarówno w życiu osobistym, jak i zawodowym, sprzeciwiała się systemowi totalitarnemu. Narratorka świadomie stawiała czoła pojawiającym się wyzwaniom. W jej historii życia jest wiele wątków: powojenne przesiedlenia, kolektywizacja w Zachodniej Ukrainie, odnowienie Ukraińskiej Cerkwi Greckokatolickiej; ponad wszystko jednak wybija się codzienna działalność środowiska dysydenckiego w radzieckiej Ukrainie.

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1 Studia Historiae Oeconomicae

1 Wrocławski Rocznik Historii Mówionej

1 Doboszewska A.

1 Jankowiak S.

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The “Gryfice Scandal” In Poznań - Dealing with Abuses Committed in the Process of Establishing Cooperative Farms in the Poznań Region

Marija Hel, „Jak się już za to wzięliśmy, to trzeba walczyć do końca”. Historia oporu ukraińskiej dysydentki w ZSRR