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FR
Le phénomène défavorable de la dégradation secondaire se manifestant dans les objectifs déjà conservés résulte soit d ’un manque de contrôle soit de l ’emploi erronné des fonds disponibles pour la conservation. Afin d ’éviter cet état de choses, il fau d ra it soumettre ce genre de trav a il à la planification et ceci dans une mesure aussi large que possible. Les éléments de base de cette planification consisteraient à choisir l ’objectif d’après une classification convenablement établie et à fixer la portée et le programme des travaux ainsi que leur devis approximatif. La planification doit se baser su r deux principes — celui de l’échelonnement et du trava il réparti en étapes. - Afin que leur éxecution soit convenable, lesdits tr a vaux doivent être confiés à des groupes de spécialistes, experts dans les disciplines envisagées. Une fois les trav au x terminés, un contrôle périodique de l ’é ta t de conservation, une documentation soigneusement r é digée et enfin la publication des m a té riau x ainsi que des discussions su r leur contenu p erme ttraient de tire r des conclusions profitables pour l ’avenir. Evidemment, les recherches visant les problèmes précités constitueraient l ’élément indispensable pour le développement de la science historique et technique.
EN
U n d e rta k in g his co n sid e ra tio n s on th e “mo v ab le cu ltu r a l p ro p e r ty ” p re s e n t in th e a re a of th e tow n of C ra cow th e a u th o r ex p la in s th e m e an in g of th is term. In th is co u n try th e p ro te c ted h is to ric a l m o n um en ts an d c u ltu ra l p ro p e r ty a re div id ed in to two categories, n am e ly th e s e immovable, as e.g. th e w o rk s of a rc h ite c tu re o r tow n p lan n in g an d th o se movable as, fo r in s ta n c e , th e a r c h ite c tu ra l d e ta ils, m u ra l p a in ting s, e a se l p a in tin g s , g rap h ic a rt, s c u lp tu re an d th e pieces of a rtis tic h a n d ic r a ft lik e th e g o ld sm ith ’s work, th a t of wood c a rv e r ’s, o r b la ck sm ith and s.o. As m ay be seen from th e above th e scope of th is d e fin itio n is one v e ry w id e and, fo r ex am p le , w ith in a n im m o v ab le o b je c t fo rmin g a s e p a ra te b u ild in g th e r e m ay be fou n d a n um b e r of mo v ab le objects, lik e doorways, window mouldings, th e stucco d e co ra tio n s a n d th e o th e rs. While s ta rtin g th e ir w o rk th e g ro u p of a r t h is to rian s h ad to d e te rm in e w h a t sets of mo v ab le m o n um en ts h a v e b e e n p re s e rv e d w ith in th e a re a of th e tow n of Cracow, fu r th e r to d e fin e th e ir resource, h is to ric a l or a r tis tic v a lu e , th e s ta te of p re s e rv a tio n , th e possibility of th e ir sa fe g u a rd in g an d mak in g th em accessible to th e public. T h e m a jo r p a r t of c u ltu ra l p ro p e rty was p re s e rv ed in s itu w ith in th e m o n a s te rie s an d ch u rch e s fo r whom th e y w e re fo u n d ed or designed. A c co rd in g to p re lim in a ry e stim a tio n s some 20,000 item s h a v e b e en p re s e rv e d among w hom a n um b e r of those counting to th e firs t and second class; only in th e Our Lad y C h u rch 1,823 o bjects we re p re se rv ed . S ev e ra l “movable m o n um en ts” a re p re s e rv ed a t b u rg h e rs ’ homes an d o th e r tow n houses w ith th e ir n um b e r am o u n tin g as high as to 6,000 objects. U n fo rtu n a te ly , u p to th e p re s e n t day th e o rie n ta tio n is la ck in g as to th e n um b e r of objects which a re still n o t covered w ith in v en to rie s or o th e r w ritte n reco rd s as th e y a re p re s e rv ed in g o v e rn am e n ta l agencies o r u n d e r th e g u a rd of v a rio u s societies an d associations. No in fo rm a tio n a t a ll is av a ilab le w ith re sp e c t to p riv a te collections. Only some 80 of th em h av e been reg iste red , h owever, it is a well known fa c t th a t th e r e e x is t a few h u n d re d of m a jo r or m in o r collections of p a in tin g s or h a n d ic ra ft w o rk s (weapons, numismatics, g la s sw a re etc.) of co n sid e rab le value. All th e a fo re - m en tio n ed w o rk was u n d e rta k e n in connection w ith p re p a ra tio n s to p u b lish th e “C atalogue of C u ltu ra l P ro p e rty in th e Town of C ra cow ”. This in tend ed m u lti-v o lum e , illu s tra te d p u b lic a tio n will be p rin te d u n til 1976. A n um b e r of co n se rv a tio n cards w e re p re p a re d conta in in g th e basic d a ta re la tin g to a given movable o b je c t th a t comprise th e d e te rm in a tio n of style, dating, a sh o rt d e sc rip tio n (m a te ria l, dimensions, re fe ren c e s, illu s tra tiv e sources) an d also th e a ssessm en t of ac tu a l s ta te of p re s e rv a tio n . The w orks connected w ith p re p a ra tio n of “movable m o n um e n ts” a re designed fo r a couple of y e a rs an d d a ta h av e a lre a d y been collected w ith concern to a b o u t 80 p e r c en t of th e re so u rc e a t hand.
4
63%
Ochrona Zabytków
|
1961
|
issue 1-2
127-129
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