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Enormous wartime devastation and losses suffered by the national cultural heritage produced the need to train a staff capable of embarking upon a competent salvage of all extant monuments. Despite obvious difficulties, a small group of specialists organised conservation academic studies in three centre: the Academies of Fine Arts in Warsaw and Krakow, and the Mikołaj Kopernik University in Toruń. Consequently, Polish monuments were entrusted to a highly classified staff and the process of conservation obtained a theoretical foundation based on scientific studies. These undertakings concentrated primarily on works of art since the devastation of the latter was regarded by society as most dramatic. This postwar trend is retained up to this day — the three academies still train conservators of works of art, and lack courses dealing with the conservation of non-art monuments (technology, ethnology, etc.) which are dealt with (chiefly in museums) by persons who win suitable knowledge via practical work. Such a state of things complicates the situation within the conservation milieu, and renders difficult the preparation of a legal foundation for the profession of a conservator. There exists an urgent need for the establishment of non-art conservation studies based on polytechnics and universities, the only which could ensure suitable scientific support. Apart from training a professional staff, the newly emergent centres could also contribute many new elements to existing conservation knowledge, in this manner elevating the general level of Polish conservation.
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