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Idea związków wzajemności członkowskiej i funkcjonującej oferty reasekuracji w ubezpieczeniach dla branży wydobywczej w Polsce

100%
Jacek L., Krzysztof Ł.
Zarządzanie i Finanse
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2016
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vol. 3
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issue 1
85-100
PL
Ubezpieczenie kopalni jest atrakcyjnym wyzwaniem dla zakładów ubezpieczeń, pozwalającym wygenerować znaczne przychody składkowe. Ale specyfika prowadzenia działalności przez kopalnie powoduje, że realizacja ubezpieczenia mienia podziemnego powoduje konieczność skorzystania z reasekuracji. Przeprowadzony eksperyment i zebrane informacje wskazują, że oferta na ubezpieczenia kopalni węgla kamiennego w Polsce jest ściśle związana z dostępnym pokryciem reasekuracyjnym. Dlatego ciekawym rozwiązaniem dla właścicieli i zarządzających kopalniami może okazać się włączenie w funkcjonowanie towarzystwa ubezpieczeń wzajemnych poprzez członkostwo w związku wzajemności członkowskiej. Polskie towarzystwa ubezpieczeń wzajemnych mają różne zasady przystąpienia do związków wzajemności członkowskiej, ale w każdym przypadku takie rozwiązanie niesie za sobą możliwość zbudowania trwałych rozwiązań w zakresie zarządzania ryzykiem.
2
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Miernicze i kartograficzne dowody w sporze o kopalnię w Sierczy

72%
Kuc W.
Studia i Materiały do Dziejów Żup Solnych w Polsce
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2017
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vol. 32
70-117
EN
Most likely the first accurate representation of the workings of the private mine of the magnates performed after its closing was made Borlach with the map of 1719. The situation there depicted was later reproduced on plans published after 1743, and also appeared on the engravings of Nilson. With the passage of time, however, the mine in Siercza has failed to hold the interest of mine cartographers. Its workings are depicted in fragments during preparation of the maps of the Janińskie Mountains, and in collections of maps. Jan Gotfryd Borlach came to the saltworks towards the end of the 1717. The Saxon took the position of the mine surveyor, but quickly gained additional reputation as a gifted mechanic and constructor. His insistence on always preparing the required documentation for each of his undertakings in the mine, i.e. maps, left a lasting impact on the mine operations. The decision of the Saltworks management, following the financial problems of previous decades, to make use of the knowledge and experience of the modern-thinking and well-rounded specialist in surveying and cartography likewise proved to be fruitful. Borlach himself would take measurements in the mine between years 1718-23. From that point onwards, surveying and cartography became an integral and essential part of mine operations. The work of surveyors became more involved than just assemble compilations of maps. One of the last such cartographic works are probably the copperplate engravings of Nilson from 1766/68. With the arrival of J. G. Borlach, partial cartographic expressions start appearing, basing on level maps – i.e. the so-called operation schedules. Such schedules facilitated easier solutions to specific problems related to drainage, ventilation, transportation, etc. Soon after, cartography started to look towards registering geological formations of the deposits.
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Służbowo i prywatnie. znani i nieznani goście w bocheńskiej Żupie Solnej (do 1995 r.)

72%
Wszołek P.
Studia i Materiały do Dziejów Żup Solnych w Polsce
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2016
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vol. 31
291-335
EN
This is the first academic study of this type pertaining to the history of tourist traffic in the area of the Bochnia Salt Mine. In contrast to the Wieliczka Salt Mine, no general academic or popular science studies have been prepared with respect to this issue to date. Prior works devoted to the Bochnia Salt Mine did not deal with this issue. The objective of this article is an attempt at describing, throughout the history of the Bochnia Salt Mine, the gradual process of emergence and development of tourist traffic. The author of the work makes use of the existing manuscripts and printed sources, along with academic studies devoted directly or indirectly to the subject matter pertaining to the content of the article. Interviews conducted with the present and retired employees of the Bochnia Salt Mine also turned out to be helpful, both directors and traffic supervision employees, as well as persons directly involved in the tourist traffic servicing. Thanks to this, the gaps existing in the source materials and academic or popular science studies pertaining to the subject matter of the study were supplemented or filled. The history of tourist traffic described in the article was closely related to the history of the Bochnia Salt Mine. The reader is going to find out that this process was not easy, whereas its history is replete with obstacles and threats during various stages of development, including a complete disappearance of tourist activity, which was finally reinstated and which has been pursued to date. Therefore, the issue deserves a detailed study. In medieval sources, it is possible to find traces of princes’ and kings’ (and their officials’) stays in the mine. Such visits were purely official. Their objective was direct or indirect control over all aspects of operation of the subordinate enterprise. Visits of representatives of commerce and handicraft in the Bochnia Salt Mine, whose enterprises were closely and durably related to the current operation of the mine, had a more “economic” character The situation was similar with holders of permits and privileges from the group of contemporary wealthy people, both clerics and secular. The ongoing necessity of taking care of their economic interest was the most important for this group. Sources between the 16th and the 18th century offer new data. New categories of guests supplemented the above list of visitors in the Bochnia Salt Mine. The first one includes various travellers who, in their accounts or descriptions, offer the first experiences accompanying visits in the underground section of the mine. Another category are poets. Their works, preserved in the modern times, have a similar character, yet by their nature they are more filled with emotions. Therefore, all these authors were, in a certain way, “pioneers” – the first tourists in the modern sense of the word. The third category includes representatives of science, testifying to the growing interest in the Bochnia Salt Mine from a scientific perspective. They also form a part of the previously described group of travellers, who were testing their talents in the new area. These were predominantly people connected to the Bochnia Salt Mine who implemented their ideas, plans and intentions for its benefit. There was also yet another special category – the so-called “unwanted guests.” This group includes both “locals” and “foreigners”, whose activities had an adverse impact on the situation of the Bochnia Salt Mine. At the end of the 18th century, a certain fundamental change occurred in the above-described group of “guests” at the Bochnia Salt Mine. The owner of the mine changed – the Polish king was replaced by the Austrian emperor and royal officials were substituted by the imperial bureaucratic apparatus. Simultaneous abolishment of former permits and privileges resulted in absence of visits of clerics and lay people. What is more, the former system of connections of the mine with trade and municipal handicraft also ceased to exist. Representatives of such professions disappeared almost completely from the area of the Bochnia Salt Mine. The 19th century, especially its second half, brought development of initially disorganised tourist traffic in the form of individual and collective groups. Visits in the mine, hitherto a privilege reserved for the chosen few, suddenly became a very fashionable pastime for a broader group of people. This situation was intensified by development of communication and dissemination of press information, as well as popularity of local sightseeing associations. Such groups included local people, as well as guests from other countries, officials, teachers, clerics, military men, young people and children. The number of descriptions and travellers’ accounts, resulting from visits in the underground pits of the Bochnia Salt Mine, also soared. The Bochnia Salt Mine has become a more attractive place for the conduct of scientific studies by outstanding researchers and specialists from various areas of knowledge. The Bochnia Salt Mine was also a venue for didactic activities for the future practitioners of science, who pursued classes, internships and professional practice here. However, the described century and the beginning of the 20th century were not free from negative activities and decisions of the group known from earlier centuries as the “unwanted guests.” The inter-war period was a time of constant struggle with the governmental plans of liquidation of the Bochnia Salt Mine. In spite of the difficult situation, the unorganised tourist traffic of numerous groups and individuals (from the country and abroad) continued to flourish in the mine. The mine was also visited by scientists and young graduates who were acquiring the necessary knowledge and professional skills. What is more, middle school pupils and college students followed the example of their senior friends and attended special classes in the mine and visited it as part of activities of school sightseeing groups. It is also worth remembering that the outbreak of WWII halted the plans of establishing a sanatorium at the Bochnia Salt Mine. The period of Nazi occupation brought an end to popular visits in the Bochnia Salt Mine. At this time, the mine was only open for German people – ordinary citizens and military men. However, traces of stay of Polish people in the mine from this period have also been preserved – obviously, such visits were only possible upon the approval of the occupation authorities. Throughout the communist period, the idea of making the Bochnia Salt Mine available for tourists was not popular and it resurfaced only in the form of sporadic initiatives. In the 1950s, a visit in the mine formed a part of subsequent historical anniversaries celebrated in the city and the local saltworks. Similar initiatives, even though planned, were not implemented in the 1960s - they were going to form a part of the celebrations of the 1,000th anniversary of the Polish state. Nevertheless, plans pertaining to the visits in the Bochnia Salt Mine in the 1970s were successful – they were included in the extensive programme of the “Days of Bochnia” inaugurated at that time. The last activity in the described period took place in the 1980s, when sightseeing in the mine was included in the celebrations of another historical anniversary of the city. The 1980s were also a time of clear increased interest in the Bochnia Salt Mine as a historical facility. Inclusion of the most valuable pits and surface development of the mine in the list of national monuments definitely contributed to it. Simultaneously, next to the gradual process of limiting the industrial operation of the mine, former plans of establishing a sanatorium were brought back. This very difficult process of building a tourist and spa centre commenced at that time was halted by the political transformations of 1989. After 1990, it was continued for a long time until the middle of the 1990s. The author of the work adopted the year 1995 as the end for the study; it constitutes the opening of a completely new chapter in the history of the Bochnia Salt Mine. The unorganised tourist traffic was provided with durable legal and organisational framework in the form of a newly-established entity: Uzdrowisko Kopalnia Soli Bochnia Sp. z o.o. Between 1995 and 2014, the company has been servicing numerous groups of tourists and patients who come to the Bochnia Salt Mine every year. Traditional sightseeing in the historical mining pits has been gradually supplemented by educational, health and entertainment activities. In 2014, “Kopalnia Soli Bochnia Sp. z o.o.” took over the organisation and servicing of the tourist traffic, continuing the long-term tradition of the Bochnia Salt Mine in this respect.
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GÓRNICZE MIEJSCA PAMIĘCI JAKO TWORZYWO DO OPRACOWANIA TEMATYCZNEGO SZLAKU KULTUROWEGO W PRZESTRZENI RUDY ŚLĄSKIEJ

72%
ŚWITAŁA-TRYBEK D.
Zeszyty Naukowe. Turystyka i Rekreacja
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2019
|
vol. 1(23)
133-150
PL
Dramatyczne wydarzenia, w których jednorazowo ginie większa liczba osób, pozostawiają po sobie materialne ślady w postaci obiektów architektonicznych: pomników, tablic pamiątkowych, krzyży, a także kaplic. Nie inaczej jest w przypadku katastrof górniczych. Miejsc upamiętniających tragicznie zmarłych w kopalniach węgla kamiennego w krajobrazie osiedli górniczych i pogórniczych jest bardzo wiele. Przedmiotem artykułu są miejsca pamięci nieszczęśliwych wydarzeń w kopalniach na obszarze Rudy Śląskiej, które powstały od połowy XIX wieku po współczesność. Ze względu na liczne przykłady ich występowania (pomniki, mogiły zbiorowe, małe obiekty sakralne) mogą one stanowić interesujące tworzywo do opracowania szlaku turystyczno-kulturowego „Rudzkie miejsca pamięci górniczego trudu”. Podstawą niniejszego opracowania są materiały zebrane przez autorkę podczas badań terenowych prowadzonych od 2006 roku (rejestracja obiektów pamięci), a także kwerenda archiwaliów oraz dostępna na ten temat literatura przedmiotu.
EN
Dramatic events, where a lot of people die at once, leave behind material traces in the form of architectural objects: monuments, commemorative plaques, crosses, and chapels. This is true also in the case of mining accidents. There are many memorial sites commemorating the victims of accidents in coal mines in the landscape of mining and post-mining settlements. This article focuses on memorial sites devoted to unfortunate events that happened in mines in the area of Ruda Śląska, established from the mid-nineteenth century to the present. Due to numerous occurrences (monuments, mass graves, small sacral objects), they may provide interesting material for the development of a tourist and cultural trail “Miner’s toll memorial sites in the area of Ruda Śląska”. The basis of this study are materials gathered by the Author during field studies carried out since 2006 (registration of memorial sites), as well as a query of archives and available literature.
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Religijność jako jeden z elementów dziedzictwa kulturowego górniczej Wieliczki

58%
Stabrawa-Powęska K.
Studia i Materiały do Dziejów Żup Solnych w Polsce
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2020
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vol. 34
182-235
EN
The issue of heritage, the attempts at determining its essence and its present-day role is a subject broadly discussed by researchers and practitioners – various research orientations define it differently. The author of this paper presents examples of religiousness of Wieliczka miners as an element of cultural heritage of this group, characteristic for the community, as well as its various manifestations, both tangible and intangible. The author deals with most typical and visible forms of religiousness, which have their source in mining traditions. The issue is worth attention due to multi-century history of the place, hard work of miners and preservation of the forms of worship at the moment of transformation of the facility from an industrial mine to a tourist location. The author discusses selected examples that are the most characteristic elements of the traditions of Wieliczka miners with the aim of show their present-day validity.
PL
Zagadnienie dziedzictwa, próby określenie czym jest i jaką odgrywa rolę współcześnie, jest tematem szeroko poruszanym przez badaczy i praktyków – różne orientacje badawcze definiują je nieco inaczej. W niniejszej pracy zostaną zaprezentowane przykłady religijności górników wielickich, jako elementu dziedzictwa kulturowego tej grupy charakterystycznego dla tej społeczności oraz jej różne przejawy, zarówno niematerialne, jak i materialne. W artykule zostaną uwzględnione przede wszystkim zachowane najbardziej typowe i widoczne współcześnie formy religijności mające źródła w tradycjach górniczych. Zagadnienie to jest warte uwagi ze względu na wielowiekową historię Wieliczki, trud pracy górników oraz ciągłe trwanie form kultu w momencie przekształcenia obiektu z przedsiębiorstwa w miejsce turystyczne. W pracy zostaną omówione wybrane przykłady, będące najbardziej charakterystycznymi elementami tradycji wielickich górników, w celu wykazania ich aktualności
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HAŁDY POPRZEMYSŁOWE – ICH KULTUROWY I TURYSTYCZNY POTENCJAŁ (NA PRZYKŁADZIE WYBRANYCH OBIEKTÓW W WOJEWÓDZTWIE ŚLĄSKIM)

58%
ŚWITAŁA-TRYBEK D., ŚWITAŁA-MASTALERZ J.
Zeszyty Naukowe. Turystyka i Rekreacja
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2018
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vol. 2(22)
125-141
PL
Hałdy należą do antropogenicznych form ukształtowanych przez człowieka, kojarzone są przede wszystkim z degradacją środowiska przyrodniczego. Materiał na nich składowany (skały, żużel, popiół) związany jest głównie z przemysłem wydobywczym, hutniczym i energetycznym. Na terenie województwa śląskiego takich obiektów jest najwięcej w kraju, co ma bezpośredni związek z intensywną industrializacją i urbanizacją tego obszaru od połowy XIX wieku. Współcześnie, choć wiele z nich zmieniło swój wygląd (zostały poddane procesom rekultywacji), nadal – obok szybów kopalnianych – są rozpoznawalnym symbolem tego regionu. W artykule autorka zawraca uwagę na kulturowe znaczenie hałd poprzemysłowych na przestrzeni ostatniego wieku (symboliczne nośniki, obiekty współtworzące przestrzeń architektoniczną, miejsca rekreacji, dodatkowego zarobkowania, źródło artystycznych inspiracji) oraz ich potencjał w zakresie wykorzystania w turystyce (np. industrialnej, górniczej, przyrodniczej, rowerowej, ekstremalnej itd.).
EN
Waste heaps belong to anthropogenic landforms; they are mainly associated with degradation of the natural environment. The material accumulated there (rocks, slag, ash) is mainly associated with the mining, metallurgy and energy industries. In Poland most of them is located in the Silesian province, which is directly related to the intensive industrialization and urbanization of this area since the mid-nineteenth century. Although many of them have changed their appearance (have undergone reclamation processes), today they are still - alongside mine shafts - a recognizable symbol of the region. In the article, the author draws attention to the cultural significance of postindustrial waste heaps over the last century (symbolic areas, landforms co-creating architectural space, places used for recreation and obtaining additional income, a source of artistic inspirations) and their potential in tourism (e.g. industrial, mining, natural, cycling, extreme, etc.).
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Uwarunkowania historyczne i prawno–organizacyjne górniczo–konserwatorskiego zabezpieczania zabytkowych wyrobisk Kopalni Bocheńskiej

58%
Charkot J.
Studia i Materiały do Dziejów Żup Solnych w Polsce
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2016
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vol. 31
119-150
EN
The objective of this article is to present hitherto accomplishments in the area of protection of the mine understood as a monument in a legal sense. They are presented in reference to securing activities in the mine, effected throughout the history of its functioning. These issues have not been presented in a  synthetic manner so far. The basic source material for the study was information accumulated in the course of documentation work conducted by the employees of the Cracow Saltworks Museum Wieliczka (in cooperation with engineers and technical employees from the Bochnia Salt Mine) underground. The manner of presentation of issues discussed in the study derives from an analogous article pertaining to the Wieliczka Salt Mine, presented in volume XXIII of this yearbook. The necessity of securing the mining pits in the Bochnia Salt Mine has been apparent since the very beginning of its commercial operation. Various solutions were applied, frequently quite untypical, adjusted to the specific geological structure of the deposit. The basic material was wood, used to line the rising headings, as well as drifts in the weak rock mass. Extensive chambers were propped up with support columns, usually filled with mining spoil and contaminated salt types. The specific nature of the Bochnia Salt Mine was that the support columns were constructed of thin alder and birch trunks. Support columns made of thick pine, spruce or fir wood were rarely used. Some of the selected areas were liquidated by being completely filled with waste rocks and post-production waste. Smaller of them, left without any means of protection, were completely clamped after several centuries. The original form of securing the chambers from the progressing destruction was leaving them at the edge of a thin salt shell. Until the 18th century, transport routes were designated in some of them via lining or support columns, which connected exploitation areas located on various depths. Conservation work in the legal sense began only after inclusion of the mine in the list of monuments in 1981, even though some of the projects undertaken earlier had this objective in mind, especially in the underground chapels. Mining and conservation work is performed in a zone included under protection, i.e. on levels from I to IX, in most valuable mining pits, selected on the basis of substantive criteria with respect to the values of the mining pits. The selection was made by the employees of the Cracow Saltworks Museum Wieliczka on the basis of materials accumulated during the systematic scientific and technical stock-taking conducted in the 1970s and 1980s; the list was approved by the Małopolska Province Monument Conservator in Kraków. It includes 65 chambers, 112 drifts, 3 shafts and 4 fore-shafts. Furthermore, the most valuable regions of the mine with respect to natural assets were encompassed by a detailed stocktaking in 2005 and subjected to additional legal protection on the basis of the Nature Conservation Act in the form of 27 documentation sites. The conservation authorities have also formulated guidelines pertaining to the procedure of preparing and performing work in the historical pits. The starting point is preparation of a historical and conservation study and subsequently a technical design relying on its recommendations. On this basis, permits are issued for the conduct of work in protected shafts, chambers and drifts. Direct supervision over the performance of work until 1999 was the obligation of the Province Monument Conservator in Tarnów, and later the Małopolska Province Monument Conservator in Kraków and, since 2016, the Cracow Saltworks Museum Wieliczka. The basic source of financing for the conservation projects are funds deriving from the state budget, which may be formally assigned for such a purpose since 2000. Earlier (since 1991) they were fully assigned to liquidation work. As of 2000, funds assigned for specific projects from the National Environmental Protection and Water Management Fund constitute a significant supplement for the financing. Relatively small funds are also generated by the tourist and spa activities pursued since 1995. The majority of mining and conservation work was performed by the mining team of the Bochnia Salt Mine. Tasks calling for specialist equipment and special qualifications of employees were commissioned from external companies. The basic part of the work was concentrated on levels from I to IV, in mining pits that are the most valuable with respect to the presented historical values. The speed of work gained momentum after the mine was classified as the monument of history (2000). Initially, the work focused on securing pits that are assigned for being made available to tourists on level IV, i.e. the August Chamber, and on level VI: the Sienkiewicz Chamber and the Dobosz Inter-level. As a result of them, in 1995 the conditions in the mine allowed for admission of organised groups to the mine for the first time in history. Later, work was conducted in drifts and chambers assigned for thematically oriented exhibitions. In the first period, the greatest mining and conservation projects included securing the central part of the August Drift, along with adjoining corridors and the extensive Ważyn Chamber. Its adjustment to perform recreational and sanatorium-type functions required a lot of effort. In the second stage, work performed in the complex of mining pits called Zejście Kalwaria, spreading from level I Danielowiec to level IV August, was of great importance, as well as work at eleven sections of Regis Stairs connecting these levels. It is also necessary to mention professional conservation of the 18th century Passionis Chamber and opening the 17th century Krucyfiks Chamber for tourists. Performance of mining and conservation work has acquired a special rank and should be an absolute priority after inclusion of the Salt Mine in the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2013.
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Opis trasy turystycznej Kopalni Soli Wieliczka w świetle opracowania Jana Nepomucena oraz ludwika Emanuela Hrdinów z 1842 roku

58%
Konwerska B.
Studia i Materiały do Dziejów Żup Solnych w Polsce
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2017
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vol. 32
10-68
XX
Geschichte der Wieliczkaer Saline is a unique source for every researcher who is learning about the history, geology and mining technique of the Wieliczka salt mine. The authors, professionally connected and obviously fascinated by the Wieliczka mine, created its full picture, taking into consideration all the aspects of everyday life of a salt business. The versatility of the 1842 publication is strongly evidenced by the last part of the monograph − Beschreibung der Werkwürdigkeiten des Wieliczkaer Steinsaltzwerkes als Leitfaden bei der gewühnlichen Gasttour− prepared by Ludwig Emanuel as an appendix presenting the tourist route of that time. The entire work of the Hrdina brothers, which consists of texts, lithographs and maps, brings us closer to the multilayered picture of the history of the Wieliczka salt mine until the first half of the 19th century. The text of this appendix, its lithographs and maps form a  specific guide which contains not only a description of the then route, but, above all, guidelines for “strangers” planning to visit the Wieliczka salt mine. This collection could function, independently from the 1842 study, as an individual book dedicated to masses of tourists coming to Wieliczka. This illustrated material allowed visitors not only to consolidate and organise their memories, but it also enabled all those who had never reached the Wieliczka mine to familiarise themselves with the underground picturesque world, with its peculiarity and mysteries. It is therefore not surprising that until 1892, when Awit Szubert took the first black and white photographs of the Wieliczka mine interiors, the drawings prepared by the Hrdina brothers and their detailed description of the tourist route were the most frequently used information and illustrative materials for numerous national and foreign publications about Wieliczka. Before 1892, the management board would answer each query concerning the mine’s interior images with recommendations to use the lithographs by Ludwig Emanuel Hrdina and John of Nepomuk. The authors of the 1842 monograph not only managed to capture the exceptional picture of the Wieliczka salt mine, but they also succeeded in recording a rare phenomenon of the 19th century − an underground tourism. What is more, the uniqueness of the Wieliczka salt mine lies in the fact that it is one of the oldest tourist attractions in Poland, as well as one of the first fully organised tourist destinations. It is important to remember that in the 19th century partitioned Poland, over 100 museums were established. Most of them were founded in the second half of the 19th century, when the Wieliczka mine had already introduced a well-organised and well-functioning system of first fees for visitors. In January 1868 the salt mine authorities announced the first tariff in the history of Wieliczka tourism. They used attractions originally prepared for special, crowned guests. Purchased tickets involved lighting of the underground route and aforementioned additional attractions. It is worth adding that in the second half of the 19th century Austrian salt mine administration established, apart from the underground tourist route, Museum of the Mining School − an educational centre with scientific support and a  small exposition of souvenirs in the building of the Rudolf’s shaft top, commemorating personalities visiting the mine. At the very end of the 19th century these meticulously gathered elements were located in the Salt Mine Museum in the so-called Sztygarówka building. Finally, it should be noted that the tourist route, once accepted by the Austrian authorities, to a certain extent has been operating to this day. Naturally, over these 200 years its reach and character have changed significantly. Today’s underground route includes more than 40 chambers. This is twice the number of the route from the first half of the 19th century. Another important aspect is that over the past few years decorations of individual mine workings have changed. This can be most easily seen in the Drozdowice Chamber, where a wooden pillar and cribs were built during the years 1900- 1901. It is worth noting that the then route did not include the most famous underground chapel in the world, the Chapel of St. Kinga. Its first foundations were laid around 1895. Nonetheless, the modern tourist route occupies the same area as the one from the first half of the 19th century, i.e. the mine workings concentrated around the Daniłowicz Shaft. As a result, part of those intended for visitors in the first half of the 19th century is also available for tourists coming to Wieliczka today. These include the Daniłowicz Shaft, the Antonia Shaft, chambers of Urszula, Michałowice, Drozdowice, Józef Piłsudski (formerly the Rosetti/Majer chambers), Pieskowa Skała, Sielec, Spalona and St Anthony’s Chapel. Certainly, their interiors are quite different today. What is important, however, both today and in the Austrian times tourists visited the same part of the mine, which by its hosts was considered the most elegant and representative of the history of the Wieliczka salt mine. For nearly 250 years, since the Austrians introduced the first tourist route, significant and irreversible changes in the mine’s layout and design have taken place. All the descriptions and accounts that have been preserved from the old times give us a picture of the mine workings and the scope of services provided. In this context, the 1842 publication and its illustrations should be regarded as invaluable.
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