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EN
The aim of the paper is to reflect on the problem of errors in the foreign language teaching-learning process from the learner’s perspective. The author proposes to investigate learners’ beliefs and opinions related to the role of errors in foreign language learning process. The problem will be discussed in the context of the teaching-learning process of French as a second language to adult beginners. The study was conducted among the students of the Institute of Romance Languages and Translation Studies at the University of Silesia. The data collected was analysed and divided into subject categories in order to provide an overall view of students’ beliefs and attitudes towards errors.
EN
Learners’ beliefs concerning the process of learning and teaching a foreign language without doubt play a very important role since they can determine the effectiveness of the instructional techniques and procedures that are employed by teachers, thereby considerably influencing the outcomes of that process. This applies in equal measure to teaching all the language skills and subsystems, including grammar instruction, or, more generally, form-focused instruction. In view of such considerations, the aim of the present paper is to report the findings of a study which sought to tap the beliefs of 106 Polish students of English philology with respect to such issues as the choice of the syllabus, the degree of integration of focus on form with meaning and message conveyance, the ways in which grammar structures are introduced and practiced as well as the provision of corrective feedback on grammar errors. The data were collected by means of a questionnaire specifically designed for this purpose (Pawlak, 2012, 2013b), which contained both Likert-scale and openended questions related to all of these areas. The analysis of the data demonstrates that the participants manifest clear preferences with respect to the process of learning and teaching grammar, which, on the one hand, may provide a basis for introducing modifications into grammar classes taught to English majors, and, on the other, makes it possible to identify areas that should be given more emphasis in the course of educating future teachers of English.
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EN
RBF networks seem to be an interesting and efficient alternative for traditional sigmoid-based neural networks. More sophisticated activation function makes a network more powerful but requires developing of new training methods. The paper presents a new more efficient training algorithm based on the second-order constructive ErrCor algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed approach has been confirmed by several experiments with both approximation and classification problems.
PL
Sieci radialnych funkcji bazowych (RBF) wydają się ciekawą i skuteczną alternatywą dla tradycyjnych sieci neuronowych opartych na sigmoidach. Bardziej zaawansowana funkcja aktywująca czyni sieć potężniejszą, ale wymaga opracowania nowych metod szkolenia. Artykuł przedstawia nowy, bardziej skuteczny algorytm szkolenia oparty na konstruktywnym algorytmie drugiego rzędu ErrCor. Skuteczność proponowanego podejścia została potwierdzona przez kilka eksperymentów zarówno z problemami aproksymacyjnymi, jak i klasyfikacyjnymi.
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