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Dlaczego giną świeckie witraże w Krakowie?

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Czapczyńska D.

Ochrona Zabytków

1988

issue 2

132-136

Stained-glass windows represent an essential element o f the decoration of staircases in a number of burgher's te n e ment houses, hotels, restaurants, banks and seats of v a rious institutions erected in Cracow in the end of the 19th century and in the first forty years of the 20th century. They were executed by local workshops. In the end of the 19th century there operated in Cracow a workshop run by Władysław Ekielski and Antoni Tuch. In 1906 it was rebuilt and developed by Stanisław Gabriel Żeleński and since 1915 it was run by Iza Żeleńska. The inter-war period g a ve rise to some smaller workshops run by Jan Kusiak and Romańczyk brothers, Roman Ryniewicz, Paczek brothers. The manufacture of stained-glass windows was also undertaken by the „In d u s tria ” Glass Industry Factory, Mirrors’ Plan and „V itra ” Polishing Shop belonging to Leon Liebenskind. The workshops of Ryniewicz and Paczek as well as the former Cracow Stained-Glass Plant (nationalized in 1952), Artistic Glazing Plant and the S. G. Żeleński Factory of Glass Mosaics operate until today. Stained-glass windows in tenement houses, made on in dividual orders of buildings’ owners, are not today subject to anyone’s care. Therefore, many of them are destroyed to a great extent. As a rule, they are damaged mechanically. In the recent years, a great threat to glass and its painters’ execution is posed by increasing pollution of the environment. An ever worse condition of stained-glass windows in Cracow tenement houses and buildings of the pub lic u tility show at the need for undertaking immediate conservation and protection. The problem is important if we take into consideration the fact th a t some hundred objects have still survived. The workshop for the conservation of stained-glass windows was opened in Cracow only in 1987. It got transformed from a small unit operating since 1984 within a framework of the work-shop of conservation of organs and metal. Just like the oldest post of that type in Poland — a workshop in Toruń — also this one was organized in the State Enterprise of the Ateliers fo r Monuments’ Conservation. Still, this workshop has limited possibilities of action. Thus, it can be supposed that the process of conservation of stained-glass windows preserved in Cracow buildings will take much time. Therefore, it is important to register them and protect on the spot with a metal net against vandalism or with transparent glass, which in fact protects the stained glass windows against atmospheric effects and p o llution but it does not offer sufficient protection against mechanical damages.

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1 Ochrona Zabytków

1 Czapczyńska D.

1 1988

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Dlaczego giną świeckie witraże w Krakowie?