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EN
Recent years have witnessed a whole range of changes in the global economic system; the changes have largely resulted from crisis situations in global markets. Air transport is an element of the system that is very sensitive to any kinds of changes. Due to a difficult financial situation the sector is relatively quickly affected. The corporate representatives and individuals in situation of financial crisis can easily resign from air transportation, especially for short distance travel. The main purpose of the paper is to present changes in passenger’s air transport quantity in the largest airports of the world with respect to the selected air carriers. The first part of the article presents the size of passenger’s air transport in the airports with the highest number of passengers (Atlanta Hartsfield-Jackson, London Heathrow, Frankfurt International) in years 2007−2010, i.e. since the moment preceding the global trend of decrease in air transportation till now (in accordance with the current availability of statistic data). Next, the changes in passenger’s air transportation quantity for the selected air carriers operating in various parts of the world have been analyzed with respect to a comparable period of time. In the last part of the paper the authors tried to present the examples of the impact of crisis on particular air carriers as well as to discuss the attempts undertaken to restore the passenger’s transportation rates to the level preceding the crisis.
EN
The crisis can be an opportune time for the growth of a human person. It can also be very fruitful in the context of religious or priestly vocation. It seems that every crisis, even when it does not refer directly to the emotional dimension of the human person, is always crisis of love. The crisis that human being has to face is always a gift of God too. It is a valuable gift because while facing the crisis, one gains the freedom of God who purifies and converts. This oft en happens through the experience of drama, and contains several critical moments. The crisis is a time of fidelity that pushes person’s life forward. A crisis, when one faces it in good way will allow an internal, spiritual development. It can also create a new covenant between the Creator and the creature. Do not be afraid, we want to repeat this invocation of John Paul II, do not be afraid of the crisis, because it can produce great and profound fruits in the life of every human person regardless of the vocation which he lives realizing the image of God who is Love.
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EN
The passage of Acts 16:6-10 is analyzed according to the method of Narrative Criticism. The insistence on the Spirit shows that Paul and his companions are guided by God; but the narrator does not make explicit how. The vision of the Macedonian points the way to go. But when the will of God is clarified, there is a shift from the narrator’s voice to the characters’ voice and the account gives access to the perception of God filtered by their conscience. It follows that the believing conscience of the implied reader is urged.
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EN
The article deals with the crisis and its effects. The results of the crisis do not always have to be unfavorable. The author of this text puts forward the thesis, that the effects of the crisis can sometimes lead to good results. The point of view depends on interpretation. In philosophical and social sense each slump requires somebody to take an action. Moreover, if the industry is in good condition, such state will not last forever. It is hard to explain why the last economic crisis triggered off such strong emotions. This crisis could be predicted and was, in a sense, expected. In author’s opinion it is worth to look on the positive side of the crisis as well.
EN
The crisis in agriculture seems to be different than in other economic sectors. This is the result of agriculture’s specificity. There is a very strong relationship between farmers and the results of their work with natural environment. These connections are much more important than in industry or services. Food production is of greatest importance. People have to eat even during very strong economic crisis. Still, there are some types of crises present in contemporary agriculture. Some of them resemble the crises present in the last thousands of years, but some of them are characteristic for current situation. In the article the following types of contemporary agricultural problems were discussed: the crisis caused by natural environment conditions (the case of Russia and India), overproduction (the case of CAP in EU), the economic crisis (the case of West), the crisis caused by political tensions (the case of Laos and Zimbabwe) as well as the situation of Polish agriculture (after Poland’s accession to EU).
EN
The monastic formation is a process of shaping the competence of living a monastic life in which religiousness is a motivating factor. Shaping the competence accentuates the progressive aspect of the formation process – the system of changes leading to a higher quality of monastic life. However, the phases of specific lack of adaptation of the person to external formation structures, i.e. experience of crisis can also be observed in the formation dynamics. The subject of the presented research is looking for personality correlates of crisis, analysis of interrelations between crisis and the change of oneself which is experienced in the formation process and the characteristics of the ways of coping with crisis during formation. Women practicing the monastic formation in female orders (N=226), aged between 19 and 30 years (M=23,68) constitute the study group. Following methods were applied in the research: The Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) by P.T. Costa and R.R. Mc Crae, The Adjective Check List (ACL) by H.G. Gough i A.B. Heilbrun, and the Scale for Studying the Monastic Formation by B. Zarzycka. The research demonstrated the presence of crises during the monastic formation. The most common are crises of trust in people, in vocation and in values. Personality does not constitute a considerable predictor of the experience of crisis – solely the agreeableness scale differentiated the groups. Crisis is a factor which decreases significantly the intensity of the change of oneself experienced during the monastic formation.
7
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Małżeństwo w kryzysie?

80%
Sympozjum
|
2010
|
issue 1(19)
133-153
EN
The crisis of marriage is the situation of the ongoing process of its dysfunction, with considerable intensity, leading to the disintegration of marriage. There are several groups of the crisis of marriage, depending on the reasons for its creation. The first group are the crises of marriage caused by the individual crises of spouses. The second group are the crises associated with the dynamic nature of marital relationships. The third group consists of the crises caused by the external relations of marriage. An important issue is to prevent the crisis of marriage. In situations of deep crisis, especially when disturbed is the personality of the spouses, therapeutic help is needed. Most, however need to deepen knowledge about the marriage. It must include knowledge of the correct concept of marriage, understand the mechanisms of its implementation and creating a supportive environment. The concept of marriage comes from a theological anthropology. The detailed mechanisms for its implementation are derived from empirical science. It’s important to choose those that are not inconsistent with the concept of marriage. Creating a supportive environment is always important. It is absolutely necessary if the cause of the crisis of marriage is its external relations.
PL
Celem artykułu jest analiza i ocena wpływu regulacji na wstrzymanie rozwoju energetyki wiatrowej w Polsce. Analiza dynamiki wielkości charakteryzujących moc zainstalowaną i wielkość produkcji instalacji wiatrowych wskazuje na wstrzymanie ich rozwoju już od roku 2015. System wsparcia bazujący na świadectwach pochodzenia energii (system kwotowy) okazał się nieskuteczny w dostosowaniu liczby świadectw pochodzenia do wyznaczanego popytu na te świadectwa. Nadwyżka podaży świadectw spowodowała silny spadek ich ceny na rynku. Regulacje dotyczące ograniczania wzrostu opłaty zastępczej, która wyznacza maksymalną cenę świadectw, będą blokowały rozwój tego systemu wsparcia w przyszłości. Wprowadzony od 2015 r. system aukcyjny (taryf gwarantowanych) wyeliminował niemal całkowicie rozwój nowych instalacji oraz przechodzenie do niego producentów pozostających w systemie kwotowym. Regulacje dotyczące lokalizacji instalacji wiatrowych na lądzie zablokują powstawanie nowych farm wiatrowych.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia krytykę neoklasycznej teorii ekonomii w kontekście pojawiania się globalnych kryzysów gospodarczych. Tekst odwołuje się do teorii ekonomii heterodoksyjnej, takich jak teoria kryzysów Joan Robinson czy naukowe dziedzictwo Paula Krugmana. Wywiedziona z teoretycznych podstaw krytyka współczesnego modelu uprawiania ekonomii jest następnie konfrontowana z rzeczywistymi przykładami rażąco błędnych prognoz ekonomicznych, które odegrały znaczną rolę w kształtowaniu się instytucjonalnego podłoża teoretycznego pod pojawienie się załamania światowej gospodarki w 2008 roku. Autor artykułu przedstawił zwięzłą analizę stanu światowej gospodarki, służącą potwierdzeniu tezy artykułu mówiącej o istotnym znaczeniu kondycji rynków środków trwałych dla stabilność systemu gospodarczego. Autor tekstu dochodzi do wniosku, że pojawianie się baniek spekulacyjnych na rynkach środków trwałych skutkuje dotkliwymi załamaniami koniunktury, z którymi nie tylko praktyka ekonomii finansowej, ale i teoria współczesnej ekonomii mainstreamowej nie może dać sobie rady. Rozwiązaniem postawionego w tekście problemu jest wypracowanie silnych instytucji nadzorczych oraz wprowadzenie większej regulacji państwa nad wspomnianymi rynkami
10
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Kryzys trzynastego psalmisty

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EN
The crisis of the Author of the Psalm 13 is real, present, painful, and persistent. For lack of help from humans and from God, the Psalmist make finally a decision to trust in God. This attitude does not guarantee any metamorphosis of the behavior of the Psalmist’s enemies, but it appears to be a theological-pragmatic attempt to resolve the situation of crisis. When all means have fallen the Psalmist has resort to God. God is the only One who, even when apparently lets the Psalmist down, leads human being through the crisis with hopeful hand.
EN
In the background of the process of forming the outline of the economic crisis, the dynamics of economic diversification of individual countries were shown in terms of GDP in years 2008–2009 and changes in the economic potential of the world’s largest corporations such as: sales value, the value of profit, assets value and market value. In the article the differences in the severity of the crisis in the global economic space were pointed out, which resulted in weakening of the economic potential of the United States and Europe, as well as the growing importance of emerging new economic powers (China, Russia, India and Brazil).
EN
Bankruptcy of enterprises is generally recognized as a negative phenomenon. In practice, the institution of bankruptcy aims at protecting interests of the market game participants. It eliminates from the market the enterprises which are not able to conduct their activities effectively. This way, it also protects other entities from establishing relationships with a company which is unable to rival its competitors. The article concerns problems of insolvent and bankrupt companies in the financial time crisis. It brings up theoretical and practical aspects of this issue. Some enterprises are not able to survive as before in the period of economic crisis. In 2009, the number of insolvent and bankrupt companies grew up rapidly. Restructuring can be a response to a crisis or major change in the business, such as insolvency and bankruptcy. The article focuses on the results of basic and scientific research conducted at the Law Court in Cracow at the Department of Insolvency and Bankruptcy.
PL
Wychodząc od rozważań nad genezą i losami socjologii publicznej, Anna Szołucha dyskutuje z Michaelem Burawoyem o kryzysie uniwersytetu, jego komercjalizacji iregulacji oraz roli ruchów społecznych (Occupy czy Indignados) i studenckich (z Chille czy Kanady) w odzyskiwaniu i otwieraniu na nowo uczelni publicznych.
15
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Bankowe fundusze naprawcze w Unii Europejskiej

80%
PL
W wielu krajach poszukuje się i wdraża rozwiązania systemowe dla dezaktywacji potencjalnych kryzysów finansowych. Podczas kryzysu finansowego subprime w większości krajów Unii Europejskiej można było dostrzec politykę preferowania sanacji banków i niedopuszczania do upadłości. Podstawowymi instrumentami sanacji są niewątpliwie pożyczki oraz gwarancje z funduszy naprawczych o charakterze publicznym lub publiczno-prywatnym. Celem artykułu jest przegląd istniejących i projektowanych rozwiązań dotyczących funduszy naprawczych w krajach członkowskich i na szczeblu UE oraz sformułowanie propozycji modelowych.
EN
In discussions on overcoming the current integration crisis arguments are put forward that Europe needs more diversified cooperation between states and it is crucial to realise that countries have different preferences regarding the areas, forms and intensity of integration. This would make the entire structure less exposed to the risk of crises, especially that in the past the European Communities and the European Union had been known to pursue differentiated integration successfully. But at the time diversified integration was pursued under specific conditions, which need not be easy to fulfil now or in the future. Consequently, there is a risk that the tendency to diversify integration might push the European Union not towards successful progress, but towards fragmentation, towards the emergence of integration “subgroups” or the formation of an exclusive, closed core surrounded by unstable peripheries.
EN
The present slump in the Polish economy is cause of serious problems for blue collar workers and quite big challenges for many professionals (e.g. management, well-qualified personnel of advertising agencies). Mass media, politicians and public opinion are focused on the situation of that first group, in contradiction to the well-qualified staff.In the case of advertising sector or a similar service, one of the most popular reaction to a job loss is an own enterprise. Their competitive advantage is an implication of lower costs and greater flexibility. This phenomenon, associated with the economic crisis, has a marked influence on the entire branch. It accelerates specialization of core businesses, development of outsourcing services and implementation of global trends.In the same time, the management is more interested in an advanced education. One of the most visible indicators of that phenomenon is an increasing number of candidates for the executive MBA studies.The crisis strategies of the protection of professional positions by well-qualified staff are proving their huge adaptive capacity. Moreover those choices concerning their own career development create changes in particular sectors and even increase competitiveness of the entire national economy
EN
The article presents an application of path models as a method of analyzing hierarchical preferences of consumers. The analysis focuses mainly on soft drinks industry with special attention given to CocaCola Poland products.The study of path models helped to diagnose which factors directly influence respondents’ attitudes towards commercials, promotion, Coca-Cola brand, preferences of chosing soft drinks and making consumer choices. A–B Fishbein-Ajzen model and AAD–AB model became the basis to build path models.
PL
Nie ulega wątpliwości, że ludzkość znalazła się obecnie na zakręcie historii. Przeżywa kryzys, i to poważny. Jak się wydaje, niespotykany na taką skalę w przeszłości. Poprzez wieki egzystencja zarówno jednostek, jak i społeczności wpisana była w ustalone struktury społeczne, których podstawy stanowiła religia (w Europie i w obydwu Amerykach chrześcijaństwo), naród i państwo (pojmowane jako państwo narodowe, mimo istniejących w nim mniejszości) oraz partie polityczne i ich ideologie. Stanowiły one jednocześnie istotne znaki identyfikacyjne.
PL
Rosyjska gospodarka w 2014 r. została dotknięta kryzysem ekonomicznym, który z jednej strony jest efektem wyczerpania się modelu wzrostu gospodarczego, a z drugiej został spotęgowany takimi czynnikami, jak kryzys walutowy, sankcje ekonomiczne i finansowe czy znaczący spadek cen ropy naftowej. Głównym celem artykułu jest odpowiedź na pytanie, czy obecna sytuacja gospodarki Rosji jest trwała, czy występują oraz jakie są przesłanki jej zmiany. Dokonano analizy czynników, świadczących z jednej strony o możliwości przezwyciężenia kryzysu w gospodarce rosyjskiej, a z drugiej przesądzających o braku takich możliwości. Przeprowadzona analiza pozwoliła na wyciągnięcie wniosków, iż w najbliższych latach brak jest perspektyw wyjścia ze stagnacji i zdynamizowania wzrostu gospodarczego w Rosji. Wynika to głównie ze spadku aktywności inwestycyjnej przedsiębiorstw, obowiązujących stale sankcji oraz braku zmian w sferze jakości instytucji i modelu zarządzania rosyjską gospodarką.
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