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Osadnictwo kultury ceramiki wstęgowej rytej na terenie Pojezierza Kujawskiego w świetle weryfikacyjnych badań powierzchniowych wykonanych w ramach programu „Źródła archeologiczne w rejonie Parku Kulturowego Wietrzychowice”

100%

Papiernik P., Dominik Kacper P., Wicha J.

Acta Archaeologica Lodziensia

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2017

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vol. 63

95-111

PL

W artykule zaprezentowano stanowiska kultury ceramiki wstęgowej rytej odkryte w czasie badań powierzchniowych w ramach zadania „Źródła archeologiczne w rejonie Parku Kulturowego Wietrzychowice”, realizowanego w ramach programu Ministra Kultury i Dziedzictwa Narodowego pt. „Dziedzictwo Kulturowe”, priorytet 5, „Ochrona zabytków archeologicznych”. Program ten, rozpoczęty w 2013 r., umożliwił prowadzenie intensywnych badań powierzchniowych oraz zastosowanie na szeroką skalę archeologii lotniczej, prospekcji geofizycznych i geochemicznych, a także badań abiotycznych elementów środowiska naturalnego (por. P. Papiernik, P. Kittel, D.K. Płaza, J. Wicha 2017). Weryfikacyjnymi badaniami powierzchniowymi objęto 4 obszary Archeologicznego Zdjęcia Polski (o nr: 52-45, 52-46, 53-45, 53-46) o łącznej powierzchni ok. 150 km2 (por. ryc. 1). Ogółem, w czasie prac terenowych materiały KCWR odkryto na aż 44 stanowiskach (por. ryc. 2). Wynik ten należy uznać za dość niespodziewany efekt przeprowadzonych prac, bowiem z akcji AZP wykonanej w latach osiemdziesiątych XX wieku, z całego wskazanego terenu znane były tylko dwa stanowiska KCWR (Michałowo, st. 1 i Pasieka, st. 7 – por. J. Pyzel 2010 ), które były oddalone o ok. 20 km od dobrze rozpoznanego skupienia osadniczego KCWR w rejonie Brześcia Kujawskiego (R. Grygiel 2004).

EN

Archaeological excavations in the region of today’s Wietrzychowice Culture Park were begun in the 1930s by professor Konrad Jażdżewski himself and were carried on under his supervision in the 1950s. Field works were resumed by the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography in Łódź and the Konrad Jażdżewski Foundation of Archaeological Research in 2009. They aim at conducting interdisciplinary research, which would provide a complete picture of the settlement of the Funnel Beaker culture in the vicinity of megalithic cemeteries at Wietrzychowice and Gaj. A very important element of the programme is non-invasive work done as the project “Archaeological Sources in the region of Wietrzychowice Culture Park“, completed as part of the programme of the Minister of Culture and Cultural Heritage, called “Cultural Heritage”, priority 5, “Protection of Archaeological Artefacts”. Field works have yielded artefacts dating back to the period between the late Palaeolithic and the Middle Ages. One of the most important results of the field surveys has been the discovery of a new group of sites of the Linear Pottery culture. Artefacts of that type were unearthed on 44 sites. It is an unexpected result, as the programme of Archaeological Picture of Poland carried out in the 1980s revealed only two such sites on the territory in question, situated 20km away from a well-recognised settlement cluster of the Linear Pottery culture in the region of Brześć Kujawski. The analysis of the pottery unearthed on separate sites clearly indicates the cultural provenience of particular assemblages. In the case of table ware (delicate work) these are fragments of thin-walled, or more rarely mediumwalled forms, made of processed clay (without silt), almost completely void of thinning admixture. In the case of kitchen ware (coarse work) , we can observe vegetation admixture with sand and grog (chamotte) admixture. Delicate vessel pottery is mainly decorated with engraved lines in various patterns, frequently accompanied by note motifs. Decoration on kitchen ware is limited to finger and fingernail imprints and knobs placed in different parts of the vessels.

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Materiały kultury ceramiki wstęgowej rytej ze stanowiska Zakrzów 8, gm. Niepołomice

100%

Doros U., Fraś J. M., Markiewicz J., Nowak M.

Studia i Materiały do Dziejów Żup Solnych w Polsce

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2019

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vol. 33

112-165

EN

This article is a continuation of the published results of Cracow Saltworks Museum in Wieliczka (Muzeum Żup Krakowskich Wieliczka – MŻKW)’s excavations at the multicultural archaeological site no. 8 in Zakrzów, Niepołomice municipality (AZP 103-58/24). Traces of Neolithic settlement representing the Linear Band Pottery culture (LBK) were analysed. Sparse cultural objects relating to this settlement phase, registered during the excavations, are most probably the remains of burrows serving an unspecified economic function, situated at a certain distance from a settlement not yet recognized at this site. Preserved fragments of vessel pottery permitted the linking of these structures with the socalled Zofipole style, known among others from the nearby ‘motorway’ sites situated on the north fringe of Wieliczka Foothills. These discoveries make an important contribution to our knowledge of the LBK’s early development stages in the upper Vistula estuary. The site’s location in an area replete with salty waters, as well as identified traces of younger settlement connected with saltworks, also prompt reflection on the use of salty waters already at the onset of the Neolithic age.

PL

Artykuł stanowi dalszą część opracowania wyników badań wykopaliskowych prowadzonych przez Muzeum Żup Krakowskich Wieliczka w Wieliczce (MŻKW) na wielokulturowym stanowisku archeologicznym nr 8 w Zakrzowie, gm. Niepołomice (AZP 103-58/24). Analizie poddano ślady osadnictwa neolitycznego reprezentującego kulturę ceramiki wstęgowej rytej (KCWR). Nieliczne obiekty kulturowe związane z tą fazą zasiedlenia, zarejestrowane podczas wykopalisk, są najprawdopodobniej pozostałościami jam o bliżej nieokreślonej funkcji gospodarczej, ulokowanych w pewnym oddaleniu od nierozpoznanej jeszcze w tym miejscu osady. Zachowane fragmenty ceramiki naczyniowej pozwoliły na powiązanie tych struktur z tzw. stylem zofipolskim, znanym m.in. z pobliskich stanowisk „autostradowych” usytuowanych na północnym skraju Pogórza Wielickiego. Odkrycia te stanowią istotny przyczynek do stanu wiedzy na temat wczesnych faz rozwojowych KCWR w dorzeczu górnej Wisły. Lokalizacja stanowiska w strefie obfitującej w źródła słone, a także zidentyfikowane ślady młodszego osadnictwa związanego z warzelnictwem solnym, skłaniają również do refleksji nad problematyką eksploatacji solanek już w początkach neolitu.

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Osadnictwo neolityczne i wczesnobrązowe w okolicy Tomin, pow. opatowski

80%

Miecznikowski Z., Sałaciński S., Sałacińska B.

Wiadomości Archeologiczne

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2013

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vol. LXIV

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issue 64

97-136

EN

Site 5 at Tominy lies to the north of the Sandomierz Highland (Fig. 1) on the south-eastern edge of the Foreland of Iłża (J. Kondracki 2002, fig. 38; M. Szeliga, A. Zakościelna 2009, p. 9), on an elevation built of glacial sands and boulder clay (Fig. 2). Traces of occupation were identified at 178–184 m ASL. In the immediate vicinity of the site are found carbonate rocks of Upper Jurassic (Kimmeridgian and Oxfordian) age. Discovered by Janusz Budziszewski in 1982 the site was investigated by test trenches in 2004 (Aleksandra Sujecka and Józef Bednarczyk) and attributed to the Funnel Beaker Culture. In 2006 it came under an area excavation (Zbigniew Miecznikowski and Sławomir Sałaciński; Fig. 3, 4). Also investigated that year were nearby sites 6 and 17 at Tominy with a multi-phase culture deposit (Marcin Szeliga, Anna Zakościelna, Tadeusz Wiśniewski). The main aim of the archaeological excavation made at Tominy 5 was to salvage the area’s archaeology before it came under development associated with the construction of a ring road for Ożarów. A total of 10000 m2 were investigated, identifying 127 archaeological features (Fig. 5, 9–17). The earliest occupation is documented by flint and pottery finds datable to the Early Neolithic attributed to Linear Pottery Cultures. This is material analogical to the one excavated at Tominy 6, published by M. Szeliga and A. Zakościelna (2009), the site of a Linear Band Pottery Culture settlement from its Musical Note Pottery phase and from the stage transitional to Želiezovce Phase. Some of the finds from Tominy 6 suggest strong links with the circle of eastern Linear Band Pottery Cultures from the Slovak-Hungarian border zone, manifested by pottery ornamentation styles and objects made of Carpathian obsidian (M. Szeliga, A. Zakościelna 2009, p. 14). Later occupation during the Neolithic is documented by a fragment of a Funnel Beaker Culture settlement, and later still, by a small number of features attributed to the Early Bronze Mierzanowice Culture, and traces of occupation by the people of Trzciniec Culture and Lusatian Culture. The assemblage recovered at Tominy 5 is dominated by pottery (Fig. 33–41) and flint artifacts (Fig. 20–32, Table 1–3) of the Funnel Beaker Culture. A more outstanding archaeological feature (No. 23) associated with this culture had a sub-rectangular plan, 100×150 m at the level of detection, and a depth of 100 cm (Fig. 6–8). It yielded a funnel beaker, a pottery fragment, an amphora, a clay spindlewhorl and flint flakes. Other Funnel Beaker Culture features (e.g., Nos. 53, 54, 90–93) are typical household pits, often recorded in settlements of this culture. The settlement identified at Tominy 5 belongs to the south-eastern group of Funnel Beaker Culture which resided in the region between 3900/3800 and 2900/2800 BC (P. Włodarczak 2006, p. 57–59; A. Uzarowicz-Chmielewska, B. Sałacińska 2013, p. 232). An even more outstanding feature was No. 68 (Fig. 18, 19). It appeared in plan as a concentration of brown-yellow clay interspersed with limestone rubble and broken flint nodules. At the level of detection it had a width of 280 cm and a depth of 260 cm. Because of the shape of its cross-section and the presence of limestone and flint rubble in its fill the feature was interpreted tentatively as a pit left behind from flint extraction. Evidence on shaft mining of siliceous rocks during the Early Bronze Age was identified at nearby Ożarów and Gliniany by Stefan Krukowski (1890–1982) and an investigation was made in early 1980s by J. Budziszewski (1980, p. 601–605; 2008, p. 34, 36). Other features of similar description identified at Tominy 5 (Nos. 39, 45, 78 and 79) were much less well preserved. By J. Budziszewski (Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw) feature no. 68 is interpreted tentatively as a natural, karstic, formation. This view has been supported by the geomorphologist Piotr Szwarczewski (University of Warsaw, Faculty of Geography and Regional Studies), presumably a karstic funnel-shaped sink hole. The fieldwork at Tominy has brought in new data on the prehistoric settlement in the foreland of the Sandomierz Highland. The post-excavation analysis of the archaeological record from site 5 is also a complement to other published assemblages from the Ożarów ring road.

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Bilans prac wykopaliskowych w Polsce w latach 1945-1949

41%

Żaki A.

Ochrona Zabytków

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1950

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issue 2-3

73-84, 181, 183-184

RU

s. 181

FR

s. 183-184

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1 Acta Archaeologica Lodziensia

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1 Dominik Kacper P.

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Osadnictwo kultury ceramiki wstęgowej rytej na terenie Pojezierza Kujawskiego w świetle weryfikacyjnych badań powierzchniowych wykonanych w ramach programu „Źródła archeologiczne w rejonie Parku Kulturowego Wietrzychowice”

Materiały kultury ceramiki wstęgowej rytej ze stanowiska Zakrzów 8, gm. Niepołomice

Osadnictwo neolityczne i wczesnobrązowe w okolicy Tomin, pow. opatowski

Bilans prac wykopaliskowych w Polsce w latach 1945-1949