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Ekonomiczne i technologiczne strefy rozwoju Chin (kwantyfikacja, stratyfikacja, metodyka)

100%
Krupa K. W.
Prace Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego
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2011
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vol. 17
87-98
EN
As a result of the new economic policy, fourteen Economic and Technological Development Zones (ETDZs) were established in twelve coastal cities between 1984 and 1988. The first ETDZs were Dalian, Yantai, Qingdao, Lianyungang, Nantong, Minhang (Shanghai), Hongqiao (Shanghai), Caohejing (Shanghai), Ningbo, Fuzhou, Guangzhou and Zhanjiang. Unlike Special Economic Zone (SEZ), an ETDZ is located in the suburban area of a major city. Special policies are adopted within the ETDZ. An administrative committee, normally selected by the local government, oversees economic and social management in the zones on behalf of the local government. The category ‘SEZ’ covers a broad range of more specific zone types, including Free Trade Zones (FTZ), Export Processing Zones (EPZ), Free Zones (FZ), Industrial Estates (IE), Free Ports, Urban Enterprise Zones and others. The second wave of expansion of ETDZs was led by the establishment of Pudong New District in Shanghai in 1990. This decision was aimed at elevating the status of Shanghai, making it the “Dragon Head” of the Yangtze River Delta Region, which comprises of Shanghai and parts of Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Prior to the establishment of this new district, the Pearl River Delta Region – comprising nine cities in Guangdong – was the forerunner of China’s open door policy. However, unlike Guangdong, which lies at the south-eastern coast of China, Shanghai’s economic development will have more impact on China’s vast hinterland. Between 1992 and 1993, a total of eighteen state-level ETDZs were established – Yingkou, Changchun, Shenyang, Harbin, Weihai, Kunshan, Hangzhou, Xiaoshan, Wenzhou, Rongqiao, Dongshan, Guangzhou Nansha, Huizhou Daya Bay, Wuhu, Wuhan, Chongqing, Beijing and Urumchi. Two special projects were added later. Founded in 1993, the Ningbo Daxie Development Zone is an investment by China International Trust and Investment Corporation (CITIC), and comes under its management. The other special project is the Suzhou Industrial Park, which was founded in 1994, and is a joint cooperation between the governments of China and Singapore. After 2000, in an effort to fuel the development of the Central and Western regions, the central government also endorsed the establishment of a further eleven national ETDZs in inland regions. Up till now, China has a total of fifty-four state-level ETDZs – thirty-two in coastal regions, and twenty-two in the hinterland. The region of Hong Kong has a role and status of innovation. The planners in this unique part of East Asia expect that some new concepts can help the former British colony to embrace a new economic model: a model in which design, marketing and branding play the crucial role in economy.
2

O użyciu operatorów kwantyfikacji ogólnej w zdaniach przeczących

63%
Przybyszewski S.
Język Polski
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2020
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vol. 100
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issue 3
5-19
PL
W artykule poruszana jest kwestia własności zdań zawierających wykładniki kwantyfikacji ogólnej we frazie nominalnej podmiotowej i predykaty (zarówno ciągłe, jak i nieciągłe), którym towarzyszy leksem negujący nie. Autor wskazuje, że połączenia typu wszyscy nie, np. Wszyscy nie słodzili kawy, można interpretować jako zdania szczegółowo-przeczące, podobnie jak połączenia nie wszyscy. Na podstawie relacji, w jakie jednostki werbalne wchodzą z wykładnikami kwantyfikacji ogólnej, autor dzieli je na trzy typy, z których pierwszy łączy się z operatorami typu wszyscy i żaden, drugi tylko z żaden, a trzeci tylko z wszyscy.
EN
In the article, the issue of Polish sentences with general quantifiers in the noun phrase and predicates (both verbs and multi-word expressions) containing the negating lexeme nie is discussed. The author points out that the combinations of the type "wszyscy nie" (all not), e.g. Wszyscy nie słodzili kawy (All didn’t add suger to tea) may be interpreted as particular affirmative propositions, i.e. in the same way as "nie wszyscy" (not all) strings. On the basis of relations between Polish verbal units and general quantification operators, three groups are indicated: the first group of predicates can be used with operators of the type "wszyscy" (all) and "żaden" (none), the second only with "żaden", and the third only with "wszyscy".
3
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Rozwój zrównoważony regionów w Polsce w ujęciu statystycznym

63%
Klóska R.
Progress in Economic Sciences
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2017
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vol. 4
159-176
PL
Globalna dyskusja nad problemami ekologicznymi zapoczątkowana na przełomie lat sześćdziesiątych i siedemdziesiątych ubiegłego wieku oraz podjęte w jej efekcie działania związane z koniecznością zrównoważenia zaspokajania potrzeb człowieka z możliwościami wykorzystania zasobów naturalnych doprowadziły do sformułowania założeń rozwoju zrównoważonego. Idea ta zakłada poszukiwanie kompromisu i osiągnięcie harmonii między trzema głównymi filarami rozwojowymi: gospodarczym, środowiskowym i społecznym. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie skwantyfikowania tego obszaru badawczego i jego statystyczna analiza przy użyciu metod porządkowania liniowego w ujęciu regionalnym w Polsce. Pomiar jest możliwy, ale niejednoznaczny. Ze względu na brak uniwersalnego zestawu mierników zasadniczym problemem pozostaje kwantyfikacja obszaru badawczego. Zaprezentowane w opracowaniu rozważania teoretyczne oraz empiryczne wyniki badań własnych stanowić mogą przyczynek do szerszej naukowej dyskusji w tym zakresie.
EN
The global discussion concerning ecological problems that began between the 1960s and the 1970s and the resulting actions taken in order to balance people’s needs with the possibilities of using natural resources led to the formulation of the assumptions of sustainable development. This idea assumes that we should look for a compromise and achieve a harmony between the three main pillars of development: economic, environmental and social. The aim of this article is to present the quantification and statistical analysis of this research area using linear ordering methods. The study involved individual regions in Poland. The measurement is possible, but ambiguous. As there is no universal set of measures, the quantification of the research area remains an essential problem. Theoretical considerations presented in the paper and the empirical research results may constitute an introduction to a broader scientific discussion on the topic.
4
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Sposoby wyrażania mnogości zbiorowej w języku polskim i w języku arabskim

51%
Król I.
Polonica
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2015
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vol. 35
219-229
EN
This paper discusses nouns serving as means of expressing continuous multiplicity in Arabic and Polish. In both languages the following categories of names serve this purpose: word-formative category of collective nouns (nomina collectiva), names of sets which are separate lexemes (not derivatives), plurale tantum nouns. The most important similarities occurring in both languages are: the categories of collective nouns (except for Arabic personal nouns) and of names of sets being separate lexemes have similar characteristics; most collective nouns and plurale tantum nouns denoting substances are subject to partitive quantification. Differences are: plurale tantum nouns have different meanings and usages; Arabic personal collective nouns are subject to numerical quantification.
5
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Netflix, Rotten Tomatoes i wszystkożercy kulturowi. Kwantyfikacja kultury w dobie big data

51%
Wróblewski M.
Kultura Współczesna. Teoria. Interpretacje. Praktyka
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2019
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vol. 104
|
issue 1
112-128
EN
The article discusses phenomena related to the role that the Big Data technology plays in how culture is nowadays created and consumed. The subject of the analysis is Netflix, one of the video on demand service providers, and Rotten Tomatoes, a film review-aggregation website. Both services are recognized as examples of algorithmic culture. The author focuses primarily on whether – and if so then in what way – the thus understood algorithmic culture: 1) is functional with respect to consumption patterns represented by the so-called cultural omnivores in the context of modern attention economics; 2) contributes to changing evaluation standards for assessing cultural content quality and the status of professional criticism.
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