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EN
The analysis of employment structure is a very important issue in the companies and it is connected with many factors in the company and on the market. An interesting issue is whether labour efficiency affects economic and financial performance of the company and the whole market. In the case of any statistical regularities concerning this issue it is necessary to allow for the variables related to employment, e.g. in the analyses of listed companies. It is a particularly important matter in Poland where the ownership transformations and transition to market economy have resulted in major changes in employment in individual companies. The main goal of the paper is an analysis of the structure of companies by their group labour productivity in homogenous groups of listed companies, the so called megasectors, in relation to their economic and financial condition. The study refers to the period of 2000-2003 and includes 73 companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange.
EN
The paper presents an example of restructuring in the area of employment and incentive scheme, which was conducted in one of the Polish companies operating in the transport industry. It shows the changes in the remuneration system, the level and structure of employment, and their impact on labour productivity and financial results of the analyzed entity.The analysis was conducted as a case study using data included in annual reports of the audited company. The aim of the paper is to draw the reader’s attention to the significance of controlling labour costs in the process of a company’s management.
PL
Wydrukowano z dostarczonych Wydawnictwu UŁ gotowych materiałów
EN
High labour costs in Poland are considered to be one of the reasons of the still high and persistent unemployment. Lowering those costs are commonly believed to be a remedy to insufficient labour demand declared by enterprises. This paper presents results of empirical analyses of the development of labour costs in industrial enterprises. The period covered ranges from the beginning of transition until Poland's accession to the European Union.
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Istota i ocena produktywności

75%
PL
W artykule przedstawiono pojęcie produktywności oraz jej typy takie jak: produktywność całkowita, produktywność cząstkowa i produktywność strukturalna. Następnie omówiono czynniki produktywności i ich pomiar. Na zakończenie zaprezentowano metodykę oceny produktywności i wydajności pracy.
EN
In this article the essence of productivity (and of other related terms), its types, such as total productivity, partial productivity, and structural productivity are presented. Some examples of factors and measures of productivity are provided, with particular consideration of work efficiency and productivity of non-material resources. The conclusion of the article conveys a methodology of analyzing the factors of work efficiency as well as stages of productivity analysis in the company have been presented, which cover among others the general audit, and the detailed audit of this economic category.
PL
Dążenie do racjonalnego zatrudnienia staje się jednym z podstawowych zadań, które pojawiają się przed polityką gospodarczą państw odbudowujących gospodarkę rynkową. Zadanie to może być realizowane różnymi sposobami przy założeniu, że fundusz inwestycyjny jest wyznaczony przez obiektywne możliwości gospodarcze kraju i ustalona została struktura przyrostu dochodu narodowego, tempo wzrostu zatrudnienia, a więc i proces likwidacji istniejących rezerw siły roboczej uzależniony jest od poziomu kapitałochłonności przyjętych technik produkcji. W artykule autor rozpatruje podstawowe argumenty za i przeciw stosowaniu bardziej lub mniej kapitałochłonnych technik produkcji i próbuje ustalić długookresowe efekty proponowanych rozwiązań.
EN
Selection of generated technique of production at the level of national economy, contributes to balancing available labour resources with investment funds. Techniques, which are more capital consuming, permit to maximize economic surplus which in a short period of time is obtained at the cost of an unemployment increase, whereas during a long period of the time the economic surplus makes the investment fund stronger, which stimulates an economic growth and advances the process of unemployment reduction. The second approach basing on lowering the capital-consuming techniques of production, causes an employment increase on the one hand but a decrease of work efficiency on the other hand. The choice of higher or lower consumption of capital is actually neither a choice of "better" nor "worse" production techniques.
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