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EN
This paper reflects on the history of decorative luminaire design. The development of the new sources of light within residential environment has been changing the luminaire design. Residential dwellings have been lit by a lot of light sources through the centuries form a point lamps like candle or incandescent lamps to linear florescent lamps and LED strips. A development of SSL technology introduced an idea of lit surfaces. Energy efficiency of light sources and luminaires has been playing more important role since an idea of sustainable design had entered the residential dwellings. The design of electric lighting is combined with daylight design and applied into modern home setups. The changes in energy efficient lighting technology have increased the complexity of luminaire design often leaving a user with a wide choice of luminaires but with a lack of knowledge how to use them.
Świat i Słowo
|
2013
|
vol. 11
|
issue 2(21)
235-248
EN
The essay presents the “flame dreamers” fascinated by kerosene lamps and gas lighting: Bachelard, Benjamin and, last but not least, Bohumil Hrabal, whose novels Taka piękna żałoba (Such a beautiful mourning) and Postrzyżyny (Cutting it short) describe childhood fascination with the beauty of those lamps. However, due to the twentieth century modernization, those lamps were replaced by electric light. Thus one can say that Benjamin and Hrabal lived in the times of decline of kerosene lamps and gas lighting, the lamps which added colours to their childhood world. The author links the disappearing of kerosene and gas lamps with the typically modern process of “colonizing the night” (A. Giddens). In this respect gas lighting and electric light become an element of the same process of the constant modernization. However, the writers of the emerging modernity clearly differentiate between the two types of lighting. They never sing praises of the “beauty” of electric bulb, yet quite often they admire the charm of gas and kerosene lamps which are bound to vanish. Thus they celebrate the loss as such, without realising what else is lost with their decline. This experience finds its fullest expression through language, in particular in the disappearance of the possessive pronouns (G. Bachelard). Electric bulbs are not wrapped in such words as my, mine, our, as kerosene or gas lamps used to be, and, as a consequence, modern man loses a friendly relationship with the surrounding objects.
EN
Homilies addressed to young people are difficult but really vital. Word of God has to illuminate this particular stage of human life. Meeting Christ does not only broaden the life horizon but, above all, it does give hope. The article concerns preaching to young people on the basis of excerpts of Sermon of Mount on salt and light. The positive side of homilies is strong priests’ desire to encourage young listeners to become the salt and the light of life. However the focus on man’s attitude makes Jesus Christ be the great absent one in this preaching. In fact it is Him who is truly the Salt of the earth and the Light of the world. Young people are demanding listeners. To burn the fire in their hearts one has to make the homily the light and the fire. The Words, full of Jesus and His Love to a man, are always the Good News. They give the guarantee that the fire in young hearts will burn like a candle which sets fire of love in other people’s hearts.
PL
Homilie do młodzieży są trudne, ale bardzo ważne. Słowo Boże ma oświetlić ten szczególny etap ludzkiego życia. To spotkanie z Chrystusem nie tylko poszerza horyzont życia, lecz przede wszystkim daje nadzieję. Artykuł dotyczy przepowiadania do młodzieży na podstawie fragmentu Kazania na Górze o soli i świetle. Pozytywne w homiliach jest to, że kaznodzieje bardzo mocno chcą zachęcić młodych słuchaczy do tego, by ich życie było solą i światłem. Ten akcent na postawę człowieka sprawia jednak to, że wielkim nieobecnym w przepowiadaniu do młodzieży staje się Jezus Chrystus. A przecież to On i tylko On jest prawdziwą Solą ziemi i Światłem świata. Młodzi ludzie to słuchacze bardzo wymagający. By rozpalić w ich sercach ogień, trzeba homilię uczynić światłem i ogniem. Słowa pełne Chrystusa i Jego miłości do człowieka zawsze są Dobrą Nowiną. Gwarantują, że ten ogień w sercach młodych zapłonie jak świeca od której mogą zapłonąć ogniem miłości inne świece ludzkich serc.
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