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RU
The paper dwells on the phenomenon “time” in the Bulgarian language consciousness. The paper also focusis on the semantics and the use of lexims wich are connected with the segmentation of day and night.
PL
The present article is an attempt at establishing a way of understanding the term evil as well as characterizing all the phenomena the term encompasses in communities of Polish and Russian students. The author analyses the results of a Free Word Association Test on the material of associative dictionaries.
Stylistyka
|
2016
|
vol. 25
475-483
EN
The article deals with the style qualification issue as a way of verbal thinking. It is noted that the language consciousness is a part of the public consciousness – moral, ethical, national, legal, environmental, historical, aesthetic, political, religious, etc., that is represented in oral and written language practice. It was proposed to differ functional styles features, based on the type of language awareness, and the system itself considered to be a communicative-style paradigm. It was emphasized that communication styles are formed historically as a result of constant connection of situational use of language according to its social and cultural functions. In this regard, it was determined that the functional style is a certain type of language and mental activity. It depends on extralinguistic factors (type of com- municants interaction, form, purpose of communication).
EN
The modern Russian linguistics still accepts V. V. Ivanov’s idea that there cannot be a unified (“uniform”) language for everybody. This view has a direct bearing on prob-lems of education, especially mass education. Peculiarities of language for our contem-poraries arise; the main features of their “language behavior” are determined not only by the education system. It is not necessarily school. The centuries-old language experi-ence of family life, cultural traditions outside families, and, in addition, the quality of “near” and “distant” socio-cultural interaction influence people. Therefore, trying to adjust the language consciousness of pupils to the adopted system of education, the “nominative” Etalon, teacher often gains the opposite effect—strengthening of the forms of language (active, ergative or multi-structured), which he is striving to prohibit. But a multi-systemic multicultural society does not require each person to be the bearer of all possible forms. This requires a philosophy of education based on the modern philosophy of language that supports unprofane training and education and provides safety for the person.
EN
The education of students who would become conscious and “practicing” native language lovers should be one of the main purposes of school language training. Language constitutes a value and therefore its usage is marked by ethical features. The above-mentioned process should begin at the very early stage of education. It is a necessary condition if school wants to counteract against negative phenomena present in language communication, like hatred, lexical aggression, abandoning politeness etiquette.
PL
Wychowywanie uczniów na świadomych i „praktykujących” miłośników języka ojczystego winno być jednym z głównych celów szkolnej edukacji językowej. Język jako taki jest wymagającą uszanowania wartością i dlatego nacechowania etycznego wymagają jego wszystkie użycia. Wspomniany proces należy rozpocząć już na etapie nauczania wczesnoszkolnego. Jest to konieczne, jeżeli szkoła chce się skutecznie przeciwstawić negatywnym zjawiskom w zakresie komunikacji językowej – takim, jak mowa nienawiści, agresja słowna, odstąpienie od stosowania etykiety grzecznościowej.
PL
W artykule omówiono różnorodność rozumienia przez polskich i rosyjskich studentów pojęć zdrowie i здоровье. Autorka dokonuje analizy porównawczej sposobów konceptualizacji, wykorzystując wyniki masowych testów skojarzeń werbalnych, dowodząc, iż w świadomości językowej badanych zdrowie definiowane jest jako szczególna wartość, a rozumienie pojęcia wykracza poza ramy normatywne.
EN
The present article is an attempt at establishing a way of understanding the term zdrowie and здоровье as well as characterizing all the phenomena the term encompasses in communities of Polish and Russian students. The author analyses the results of a verbal association test.
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