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Plants of the Amaryllidaceae Family in Roman Veterinary Medicine. Part 1 of Leeks (Allium porrum L.)

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Bartnik A.

Przegląd Nauk Historycznych

2023

vol. 22

issue 1

9-27

In the Mediterranean Basin, leeks were a popular vegetable used in cooking and medicine. Many authors have commented on the dietary properties and medical uses of the plant. Its taste was also appreciated, which is confirmed by the numerous recipes for dishes made with leek. In veterinary medicine, leek was not used very often, but veterinary treatises, prescriptions of medicines containing leek juice or the plant itself appeared in the 4th century. According to the recommendations, it was added, among others, to medicines for animals suffering from respiratory diseases, including various types of cough as well as in cases of swelling, wounds, bleeding, bloody vomiting or problems with urination. The types of diseases treated by veterinarians with the help of leek did not differ from those treated in humans. One of the aspects emphasized by ancient medics was the effectiveness of the plant for treating respiratory diseases, which was indicated by anti-haemorrhagic activity, a positive effect on skin lesions, etc. The method of using the plant by veterinarians and medics coincides with the assessment of its scope of activity at that time. The difference between its use in humans and animals is only visible in dietetics. At the time, people ate leeks often, and in various forms, while animals were only given leeks for medical purposes, as they were not part of the typical, daily diet of farm animals.

W Basenie Morza Śródziemnego pory były popularnym warzywem wykorzystywanym zarówno w kuchni, jak i medycynie. Wielu autorów wypowiadało się na temat właściwości dietetycznych oraz medycznego zastosowania rośliny. Doceniano także jej walory smakowe, co potwierdzają liczne przepisy na dania z pora. W weterynarii por nie był wykorzystywany zbyt często niemniej w IV-wiecznych traktatach weterynaryjnych pojawiły się recepty leków zawierających sok z pora lub samą roślinę. Zgodnie z zaleceniami dodawano go m.in. do leków dla zwierząt cierpiących z powodu chorób układu oddechowego, w tym różnego rodzaju kaszlu, w przypadku obrzęków, zranień, krwawień, krwawych wymiotów lub problemów z oddawaniem moczu. W przypadku pora rodzaje chorób leczonych z jego wykorzystaniem przez weterynarzy nie odbiegały od tych leczonych u ludzi. Antyczni medycy podkreślali m.in. skuteczność rośliny w odniesieniu do chorób układu oddechowego, wskazywali działanie antykrwotoczne, pozytywne oddziaływanie na zmiany skórne itd. Sposób stosowania rośliny przez weterynarzy oraz medyków pokrywa się z ówczesną oceną zakresu jej działania. Różnica między jej stosowaniem w przypadku ludzi i zwierząt, widoczna jest jedynie w dietetyce. Ówcześni ludzie jedli pory często, pod różną postacią, natomiast zwierzętom hodowlanym podawano je jedynie w celach medycznych, nie wchodziły one w skład ich typowej, codziennej diety.

The Byzantine Garden. What to Plant in the Garden according to 12th Book of Geoponica by Cassianus Bassus?

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Helbig M.

Studia Ceranea

2021

vol. 11

201-214

The main aim of this paper is to analyse the text of the 12th book of Geoponica for the purpose of identification of vegetable plants, which were described by Cassianus Bassus. The analysis will serve as the first step for further inquiries that will include the reconstruction of recipes that require some of the vegetables presented in the text.The text of Geoponica is a basic source learn about the agriculture but also the culinary art of the Byzantine Empire, even though it is rather hard to read due to the complicated style and quite a large number of technical terms (i.e. botanical, agronomical or astrological to name just a few). As already mentioned, the first part of the analysis is to identify the plants mentioned by Bassus, which will allow me to take further steps, i.e. to reconstruct the culinary recipes, in which the plants mentioned by the Author can be found. Without this precise identification, the reconstruction of the recipes would not be possible at all.In the 12th book of his Geoponica Bassus gave descriptions of several plants that should be taken into consideration while planning the garden, mostly for their medicinal or cooking properties. Amongst them, Author mentioned garlic, artichoke, melon, leek, radish, celery, and cucumbers. Having the rather big number of plants narrowed down will allow to demonstrate in vivo how they were served according to De re coquinaria by Apicius and present the practical usage of vegetables proposed by Bassus for cultivation. As Apicius’ cookbook is the only one preserved from Antiquity, it will remain the major source of the recipes presented in this paper.

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1 Przegląd Nauk Historycznych

1 Studia Ceranea

1 Bartnik A.

1 Helbig M.

1 2023

1 2021

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Plants of the Amaryllidaceae Family in Roman Veterinary Medicine. Part 1 of Leeks (Allium porrum L.)

The Byzantine Garden. What to Plant in the Garden according to 12th Book of Geoponica by Cassianus Bassus?