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Kilka uwag w przedmiocie projektu nowelizacji ustawy o ochronie prawnej odmian roślin

100%
Gała P.
Studia Iuridica Agraria
|
2017
|
vol. Studia Iuridica Agraria, 2017, tom XV
EN
The institution of agricultural exemption is the most significant economic importance from all limitations to the exclusive right to the plant varieties. The agricultural exemption shall mean the derogation from the assumed protection model of plant variety rights, the objective of which is to defend the interests of farmers. Protecting the interests of farmers within the institution concerned is provided through their entitlement to benefit from the material harvested from plant varieties protected by the exclusive right as the seed without the breeder’s consent. So far-restricting protection of the exclusive right to the variety may lead to disintegration of the referred right, unless the legislator ensures the breeders legal instruments to offset their legitimate interests. Both at the Community and the national level such instruments shall be the entitlement to collect a fee for the agricultural exemption, the entitlement of the breeder to demand the information on a scope of the use of the institution of agricultural exemption, as well as the entitlement to check the compliance of the obtained information with the actual data. The latest draft amendment to the plant variety protection act fails to satisfy the principle to balance interests of the parties for obligatory relations of the agricultural exemption. In Poland its potential adoption and coming into force may be the essential factor which shall make the protection of the exclusive right regarding plant varieties at national level illusory.
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Legal Protection of Traditional Agricultural Knowledge Relating to Genetic Resources

63%
Gała P.
Studia Iuridica Lublinensia
|
2020
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vol. 29
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issue 2
EN
Traditional knowledge, including genetic resources of living organisms, especially plants, plays an extremely important role also in the development of modern science and present-day industry. This prompts us to consider the need, scope, and model of legal protection for such knowledge, both for the needs of the communities that create and cultivate it and for the wider public good. The present article includes an analysis of international legal regulations concerning the protection of traditional knowledge, with particular emphasis on the knowledge related to genetic resources, as well as legal works in this field. The considerations cover issues related to the development of the conceptual framework of such legal norms and the foundations of the legal protection of traditional knowledge, in particular the arguments concerning the need for such protection. The article also presents the basic types of intellectual property rights that can be the basis for legal protection of traditional knowledge.
PL
Tradycyjna wiedza, w tym dotycząca zasobów genetycznych żywych organizmów, w szczególności roślin, odgrywa niezwykle istotną rolę także w rozwoju współczesnej nauki i współczesnego przemysłu. Skłania to do podjęcia rozważań dotyczących potrzeby, zakresu oraz modelu ochrony prawnej takiej wiedzy, zarówno dla potrzeb społeczności, które wiedzę taką tworzą i kultywują, jak i dla szeroko pojmowanego dobra ogółu. Artykuł obejmuje analizę międzynarodowych regulacji prawnych poświęconych problematyce ochrony tradycyjnej wiedzy, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem wiedzy związanej z zasobami genetycznymi, a także prac prawotwórczych w tej dziedzinie. Rozważania dotyczą kwestii kształtowania się siatki pojęciowej takich norm prawa oraz fundamentów ochrony prawnej tradycyjnej wiedzy, zwłaszcza argumentacji dotyczącej potrzeby takiej ochrony. Przedstawiono też podstawowe rodzaje praw własności intelektualnej, które mogą stanowić podstawę ochrony prawnej tradycyjnej wiedzy.
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