Aim. The purpose of this qualitative research is the preparation, implementation and evaluation of a sample lesson focused on the selection of the subject of religion for the German courses taught in universities. The second purpose of this research is to contribute to international understanding between peoples with different religious beliefs. Methods. This research pertaining to religion is qualitative in nature. In this research, the document analysis technique was used. The research on the subject of religion was taken up during the 2021/2022 academic year in my selective German courses at the Hacettepe University. Results. The successful contribution of the lesson planning model mentioned in this article was also observed in the teaching activities in primary and secondary schools conducted earlier. It was also seen that the students who attended the German courses in connection with education or work in Europe. Conclusions. It was observed that the participants talked about Islam, Christianity, Judaism, Buddhism and Hinduism. It is important to remark that the interest of the participants in German lessons still continues. Therefore, effective lesson planning models and unique methods should be further developed. Originality. German language courses are offered as a foreign language learning practice in Turkish schools, private institutions and universities as elective foreign language courses. Students from all the departments of the university may attend the elective German language classes. To conduct the German courses effectively, a suitable method should be developed which will help the participants who come from different countries and students with different levels of fluency.
The author specifies that during the process of reform realization in the sphere of higher pedagogical education in Ukraine there appeared a challenge connected with a necessity to increase the efficiency of future primary school teachers’ professional preparation, their ability to take care of a child, pay attention to him and assist to development of his personality. The author characterized criteria levels and indicators of formation of future teachers’ readiness to health forming activities at primary school. As indicators of motivational criteria the author considers: positive motivation to implementation of health forming activities at primary schools; desire and focus to work in educational sphere; belief in the importance of the chosen profession as a primary school teacher; the need to apply their knowledge and skills in health forming activity with younger students. The author classifies as a cognitive performance criterion: consistency, strength and depth of knowledge of children’s anatomy and physiology with the basics of genetics, bases of valeology, life safety and methods of teaching the basics of health; quality professional terminology. As the indicators of procedural criteria author considers to be: the level of professionally oriented skills for the organization of health forming activities at primary school. Indicators of personal criteria, according to the author are: the level of communication skills; the level of empathy; the level of commitment to self-development of primary school teachers. It is stated in the article that the results of constanting phase of pedagogical experiment, conducted by the author, became the basis for the identification and study of theoretical pedagogical conditions of formation future teachers’ readiness to health forming activities at primary school, which include: specification of the content of training future teachers of specific care to health forming activities at primary schools; the use of innovative educational technologies in the subject-subject interaction between the teacher and students; development of creative potential of primary school teachers in the process of research and practices
The purpose of the article was to determine the characteristics of the components of content, criteria, indicators and levels of health-preservingcompetence of the future social pedagogues and social workers. It is argued that insufficient health of social pedagogues and social workers makes it impossible for their professional development, full realization of the potential and professional growth. In the article the essence of key concepts is clarified; based on the theoretical positions of the analyzed studies the components, criteria and indicators of health-preserving competence of the future social pedagogues and social workers are highlighted. Thus, the structure of health-preserving competence of the future social pedagogues and social workers includes interaction of motivational, information, technology and reflective components. To assess the level of development of the health-preserving competence of the future social pedagogues and social workers for the motivational component the orienting-evaluative criterion was elected; for the information component – cognitive-valeological criterion was selected, for the technology component – criterion of organizational activity was selected, and for the reflexive component was elected control-evaluation criterion. On the basis of the components, criteria and indicators, the levels of formation of the health-preserving competence of the future social pedagogues and social workers during training, namely: high, medium, low, were identified. Results of the study aimed at determining the initial level of formation of health-preserving competence of the future social pedagogues and social workers showed that the students lack initiative in teaching, they are insufficiently informed and poorly oriented to the implementation of the health-preserving technologies; they are not interested in the improvement, preserving and promoting health. Prospects for further research are seen in the definition of educational environment which will be effective for forming health-preserving competence of the future social pedagogues and social workers during training.
Preparation of future legal specialists for professional activity in the Ukrainian penitentiarysystemis the new trend of higher education in Ukraine. Particularly today Ukraine needs lawyers with high-quality training, which foremost forms higher education institution.Inthisscientificarticletheauthorconsidersmethodologicalaspectsoffuturelawyers’traininginprofessionalactivityinUkrainianpenitentiarysystemintermsofamodernhigher education institution. In the article criteria (motivational, cognitive, operative-practical, personal), indices and levels (low, medium, high) of formation of future lawyers’ readiness for professional activity in Ukrainianpenitentiarysystemis characterized. In particular, identification methods of these criteria are characterized. During assessment of formation of future lawyers’ readiness for professional activity in Ukrainianpenitentiarysystem by motivational criterion the identification method of motivation and achievement offered by Yu. M. Orlov is used. Simultaneously for assessment of formation of future lawyers’ readiness for professional activity in Ukrainianpenitentiarysystem by cognitive criterion the author has developed test tasks for estimation of theoretic knowledge and by operative-practical criterion “Map for self-estimation of the level of formation of the future lawyers’ readiness for professional activity in Ukrainianpenitentiarysystem” has been developed as well. Simultaneously by personal criterion “Test for determination of the level of decision-making ability” and “Test for estimation of organizational and communicative skills” (KOS-1) are used. Content of search, empirical and summary-generalized stages of organization of the investigation of the future lawyers’ training for professional activity in the state penitentiary system has been revealed. Proceeding from analysis of theoretic investigations of the research literature on the above mentioned matter and own experience of pedagogical activity using structural components of readiness (motivational, cognitive, operative-practical, personal) the author determined and conditioned criteria, indices and levels of formation of the future lawyers’ readiness for professional activity in Ukrainianpenitentiarysystem. Levels of formation of future lawyers’ readiness for professional activity in Ukrainianpenitentiarysystem(low, medium, high) have been determined.
The aim of the study was to determine the status and direction of changes in Polish food security and its inhabitants at the beginning of the twenty-first century, in particular: to characterize the level of consumption of basic food products in the 2000-2014 period and the level of food self-sufficiency of selected products, to assess the conditions of the durability and reliability of food supplies, characterization of the conditions of economic availability of food and the diversity of the Polish community in this regard, to determine the level of consumption of energy, its structure and basic nutrients for different socio-economic groups of households for the years 2001-2003 and 2012-2014. To ensure food security of the state, four conditions must be met simultaneously: 1) physical availability of food, which means that the domestic food economy ensures intake of at least the minimum requirement of physiological, import and supply of food more than the minimum requirement, 2) stability and reliability of food supply, 3) economic availability of food, which is equivalent to the fact that the economically weakest households and their members have access to the necessary food (thanks to various forms of food aid), 4) health suitability of a single food product and consumed ration (the necessary energy level, the proper ratio of nutrients, the lack of an inadmissible degree of pollution).
PL
Celem badań było określenie stanu i kierunku zmian bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego Polski i jej mieszkańców na początku XXI wieku, a w szczególności: scharakteryzowanie poziomu spożycia podstawowych produktów żywnościowych w latach 2000-2014 oraz określenie poziomu samowystarczalności żywnościowej wybranych produktów, dokonanie oceny warunków trwałości i niezawodności dostaw żywności, scharakteryzowanie warunków ekonomicznej dostępności do żywności i zróżnicowania społeczności polskiej pod tym względem, ustalenie poziomu spożycia energii, jej struktury oraz podstawowych składników odżywczych dla poszczególnych grup społeczno- ekonomicznych gospodarstw dla lat 2001-2003 i 2012-2014. Aby bezpieczeństwo żywnościowe państwa było zagwarantowane, spełnione muszą być cztery warunki jednocześnie: 1) fizyczna dostępność żywności, co oznacza, że krajowa gospodarka żywnościowa gwarantuje spożycie co najmniej minimalnego zapotrzebowania fizjologicznego, import zaś dostarcza żywności ponad to minimalne zapotrzebowanie, 2) trwałość i niezawodność dostaw żywności, 3) ekonomiczna dostępność żywności, co jest równoznaczne z tym, że także najsłabsze ekonomicznie gospodarstwa domowe i ich członkowie mają dostęp do niezbędnej żywności (dzięki różnym formom pomocy żywnościowej), 4) zdrowotną odpowiedniość pojedynczego produktu żywnościowego i spożywanej racji żywnościowej (niezbędny poziom energii, właściwa proporcja składników pokarmowych, brak niedopuszczalnej wielkości zanieczyszczeń).
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