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EN
Pamiętnik Wacławy by E. Orzeszkowa is a novel presenting the fate of a young woman in a twofold reality: at first, it is assigned to the drawing room and social life; then, in the second stage, to a study. An important role in the linguistic creation of Wacława’s fate is played by the parents: mother – the parlor lady, father – researcher, university professor. The construction of these characters reflects the two different worlds that a young woman explores in order to ultimately choose the latter. The language (style, lexis, syntax) corresponds with the creation of Wacława as a spoiled miss (in the first volume) and a mature young lady (in the second volume).
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Funkcje barw w powieści "Bambino" Ingi Iwasiów

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EN
The aim of this paper is to isolate and characterize linguistic expressions with components of color names contained in the novel “Bambino” by Inga Iwasiów. In the article is used a linguistic and stylistic method of analysis literary texts. It should first be noted that in the novel there is no a lot of color names. The most common color name is red (27x), then – white (25x), grey (17x), black (12x) and green (10x). Other names of the colors have been used less than ten times. In the novel Bambino names of colors were used – mostly – in the contexts established in the Polish culture. The key word is the gray color which takes particular importance in the analyzed novel. Other colors – even appearing occasionally – are important for the creation of the world presented in the novel.
EN
In her novel, "Meir Ezofowicz", the author provides an insight into the social and cultural reality of a Jewish borderland town in the second half of the 19th century. The four Jewish families featured in the novel come from diverse cultural, socio-economic, and religious backgrounds. The linguistic images created by Orzeszkowa reflect the stereotypical perception of reality, and, at the same time, condemn all anti-social behaviour, including that observed within the Jewish diaspora community.
PL
Celem artykułu była próba zbadania językowej kreacji osób chorych psychicznie w powieści Wędrówki Oryginała Józefa Korzeniowskiego. Materiał podzielono na części, w których omówiono lingwistyczną kreację dziedziczenia zachorowania, sytuacji chorych, szpitala psychiatrycznego, opieki szpitalnej, cierpienia rodzin chorych, przypadku powracającej do zdrowia Marty oraz nadwrażliwego Karola. Wskazano na środki leksykalne, frazeologiczne, stylistyczne kreujące postaci chorych i powieściową rzeczywistość z nimi związaną. Badanie pozwoliło zauważyć, że Korzeniowski realistycznie przedstawia sytuację obłąkanych i ich bliskich, traktując zachorowanie jako ogromne, może nawet największe nieszczęście dotykające człowieka oraz jego otoczenie, a samą chorobę jako stan między życiem a śmiercią, jako oczekiwanie na zgon, który skróci cierpienie.
EN
The goal of the article was an attempt to investigate linguistic creation of mentally ill people in J. Korzeniowski’s novel entitled „The journeys of the original”. The material was divided into chapters, which exemplified linguistic means of presenting the issues connected with hereditary factors predisposing people to mental disorders, situation of the patients treated at psychiatric facilities, hospital care, suffering of the families whose members fell victim of mental sicknesses and finally a detailed analysis of two cases: recovering Marta and over-sensitive Karol. Lexical, phraseological and stylistic means creating the images of the patients and the illness-related reality included in the novel were analyzed. The research led to the conclusion that Korzeniowski realistically presents the situation of the „insane” and their relatives who perceive the illness as a big or even the biggest misfortune affecting man and his/her surrounding and view the illness itself as a condition of being suspended between life and death – longing for demise which is expected to shorten the suffering.
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