The paper consists of three parts. The first one introduces the basic assumptions of the linguistic culture theory, the first Polish linguistic guide, as it was reconstructed on the basis of Łukasz Górnicki’s Dworzanin polski ‘The Polish courtier’ (1566). The second part discusses Górnicki’s miniature Raczył ‘He deigned’ (1598) which, too, is evidence of his interest in linguistic matters. The paper draws attention to the rhetoric shape of the work which, as a whole, follows the convention of a judicial speech. The third part of the paper presents the results of a study of the verb raczyć, based on a dictionary query.
This article explores the concept of the SOUL based on slang and prison culture. The starting point for the argument is the belief that the soul symbolizes the man and his inner being (from the presence of high moral and ethical qualities to statements of spiritual death) in all cultures, as evidenced by the presence of a large number of phraseological and paremiological units with identical values. The purpose of the study is to consider and characterize the linguistic objectification of the concept of the soul. The conducted comparative analysis allows us to conclude that the perception of this concept among the Slavic and Turkic peoples is largely matching. The concept of the soul in all comparable languages is multilayered, in which cognitive traits are reflected, corresponding to the semantic components of the tokens representing it. The presented variety of semantic and conceptual variations facilitates the modelling of a wide interpretation field of this concept.
Der Beitrag zielt darauf ab, die Formen der Entschuldigung in der deutschen Sprachkultur zu analysieren. Es werden Definitionen der Entschuldigung in deutscher Sprache geprüft. Wir untersuchen die sprachlichen Eigenschaften der Entschuldigung und geben ihr Diapason. Die am häufigsten verwendeten Beispiele für Entschuldigungen werden in der Studie angegeben. Die Nutzungsstatik von Entschuldigung und Verzeihung wird dort zur Verfügung gestellt; überdies wird die Verwendung der Entschuldigung in der deutschen Sprachkultur erklärt.
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The article aims at learning the apology in the German linguoculture. The definitions of the apology in the German language are examined there. We study the linguistic properties of the apology and give their diapason. The commonly used examples of apologies are given in the article. The usage static of Entschuldigung and Verzeihung is provided there; the usage of the apology in the German linguoculture is explained in the article.
The study focuses on the use of proper names in the articles of four Czech writers: Jan Neruda (1834–1891), Svatopluk Čech (1846–1908), Karel Čapek (1890–1938), and Karel Poláček (1892–1945), who reflected not only Czech culture and society, but also the Czech language. Given their avid interest in linguistics, the aim of this paper is to analyze the authors’ linguistic takes on proper names as reflected in their art journalism (essays, feuilletons, and columns). The present analysis focuses on their opinions of, for instance, naming of public spaces, personal names (and whether they use them stereotypically), misuse of proper names in politics, and naming in advertising. Their attitudes towards the naming strategy (seen as a linguistic strategy) are always examined in the context of the dominating linguistic views of the given period (the views on the language norms in particular), from approximately the 1850s until the 1930s. This approach, combined with a literary-cultural one, allows us to cover the issue comprehensively. The study is based on the chapter of the forthcoming dissertation Language and linguistic issues and their reflection in the works of selected Czech writers.
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