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EN
The consequence of acknowledging that language abilities are an inherent property of man is that the actual speaker/ listener has come to the foreground of linguistic deliberations and thereby the emphasis in these reflections and in the research has been shifted to what is happening in the brain as far as language processes are concerned. The last few decades, due to increasingly modern technologi­cal solutions, have brought about the possibility of more detailed and in-depth explorations of human brain functioning and its properties. In the first part of the present article, the characteristics of the object of research in linguistics are presented, and in the second, the possibilities of its exploration are described. Special attention was focused on the possibilities of using eye-tracking research in applied linguistics. Summing up the observations, it should be admitted that in order to make progress in linguistics and to be innovative, experimental research carried out using apparatus must be incorporated and started. However, it must be emphasized that this type of experimental research in linguistics, including obviously eye-tracking studies, is scientifically relevant only to the point that it really contributes to the creation of new knowledge or the verification of scientific knowledge gained earlier, and only if it contributes to the scientific exploration of the object of linguistics.
EN
The article attempts to provide answers to the questions concerning the use, understanding and ontological status of connotation in the light of the anthropocentric theory of languages. The problems are examined on three levels: terminological, semantic and ontological. The problem on the level of terminology is largely attributed to the ambiguous use of the term connotation in the field of linguistics, i.e. from the point of view of logic, where connotation is understood as intension, and from the linguistic point of view, where connotation is identified as additional meaning. This leads to different understandings of connotation within the remit of semantics as regards its ‘relations' with denotation. A differentiation made between connotation viewed as an expression and connotation proper, together with an attempt to explain the latter's actual role in generating idiolectal meaning, constitutes a platform for further considerations of the problem of connotation on the level of ontology.
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