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Death and Two Maidens (No More): A Gothic Friendship In Beryl Bainbridge’s Harriet Said...

100%
Fisiak T.
Kwartalnik Neofilologiczny
|
2018
|
issue 2
217-228
PL
Harriet said..., niewydana nigdy w Polsce powieść autorstwa Beryl Bainbridge (1932–2010), tylko z pozoru opowiada o przyjaźni dwóch nastolatek – tytułowej Harriet oraz bezimiennej narratorki. Bainbridge, zainspirowana prawdziwą tragedią, przedstawia w swym tekście przejmujący portret relacji opartej nie tyle na zaufaniu i wsparciu, a raczej na emocjonalnej przemocy. Harriet i jej przyjaciółka uciekają od swoich dysfunkcyjnych rodzin w świat osobliwie rozumianych „wrażeń” i „wiedzy”. W pogoni za doświadczeniami, zwłaszcza natury erotycznej, wikłają się w niejednoznaczną relację ze starszym mężczyzną, co prowadzi do nieuchronnej tragedii. Tym samym zasadne wydaje się pytanie, czy w przypadku dziewcząt można nadal mówić o przyjaźni, czy może bardziej o wyzysku. Dlaczego ich relacja ma charakter gotycki? Co łączy bohaterki powieści Bainbridge z bohaterkami słynnego opowiadania Josepha Sheridana Le Fanu pt. „Carmilla”? Prezentowany tu artykuł będzie próbą odpowiedzi na powyższe pytania.
EN
Harriet said..., a lesser known, 1972 novel by an acclaimed writer Beryl Bainbridge (1932–2010), is a work about friendship. However, only apparently – as the events in the story unfold, the reader slowly realizes how toxic and corrupting the bond between the eponymous Harriet and her nameless friend (the narrator) is. Bainbridge, inspired by real-life tragedy, presents a haunting vision of friendship marred by violence, both emotional and physical. Two adolescent girls devise a specific life ideology and as they explore the limits of their self-understanding, they transgress social norms, which ultimately leads them to a completely gratuitous crime. Hence, an important questions arises – is it still a friendship or, rather, a form of mutual exploitation? What makes their relationship Gothic? The aim of my analysis will be to respond to these queries.
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Fear and Wish-fulfilling Flights of Fancy: Walpole’s Nightmare of Class Conflict and the Restoration of Aristocracy in The Castle of Otranto

100%
Koç E., Altan N. A.
Zagadnienia Rodzajów Literackich
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2014
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vol. 57/113 z. 1
75-88
EN
This article discusses The Castle of Otranto by Horace Walpole as the first gothic work dramatizing, through the theme of “usurpation”, the emergence of the new but “greedy” bourgeoisie in England in the eighteenth century as a threat against the long-established, and from Walpole’s perspective, “divinely ordered” aristocratic system. Au fait with the worries and expectations of aristocracy, for he is the son of Robert Walpole (the first Prime Minister of England), and a member of nobility and the Parliament, Walpole, in his work, cannot help defending the established system against the emerging bourgeois paradigm. In the article, Walpole’s concern with the chaotic state of his country, which he reveals through building a devastating class conflict in Otranto, will be analyzed with the help of biographical, historical, and Marxist approaches. Finally, by referring to the Freudian theory of “wish-fulfillment through dreams”, Walpole’s solution for the conflict will be shown to be a self-gratifying one, satisfying the author’s aristocratic self.
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