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EN
The study provides a comparative analysis of current forms of the all-year-round cultural and social festivities on the example of four selected villages. It tries to define the basic sources of inspiration for these events, the factors influencing this sphere, and it also seeks identical and different elements in this area and the possibility of using the “societal capital” (human, social and cultural) of each municipality in these activities. The basic source of inspiration for most socio-cultural events includes the local folk culture with the traditional annual cycle being the main part of it; in several cases, the annual cycle is tied to church holidays. In recent decades, events dedicated to children, or more precisely families with children, mothers and pensioners have become a kind of „cultural and social constants“ not only in the rural but also in the urban environment. The research confirmed the residents‘ lack of interest in celebrating the state and political events. Especially in suburban areas, the import of new globalized phenomena is more evident, whereby the more isolated villages have better conditions to develop their local traditional culture. The article presents several findings regarding the “societal” capital, especially the unequal use of human and cultural capital in the monitored villages, and it also emphasizes the importance of residents’ activism and support to this area by local governments, and the creation of the best possible conditions for cultural background and infrastructure.
EN
The goal of the analysis is to reconstruct a common model of the notion of multiculturalism, linked to activities in the field of culture, in local communities of the borderland. The phenomenon observed in Poland is the appearance of the idea of multiculturalism which does not refer to a real ethnic diversification. The represented analysis allows formulation of a thesis, that this phenomenon may be connected with external pressure of globalisation processes and mechanisms of institutional development of local culture in the European Union. Such factors cause usage of resources connected with multicultural heritage by local leaders, for utilisation of this heritage grants tangible benefits for the local community. Unfortunately, at the same time such activities result in rather avoidance of multicultural contacts than their development. This concept of multiculturalism is connected with artificial tolerance and does not contribute to the development of an open society.
EN
The article is the review of investigations and the more important publications of relating local media in Poland. It contains the chosen areas of investigations and their profile. Local media are the important part of media system and they make up supplement of global media, their function and social tasks. Development and functioning local media has depended for many factors, in this transformations social - cultural as well as civilization progress. Activity of these media results with needs of local community, they stand on guard of democracy and right civil, they take care about behavior and care cultural identities. The article portrays functioning also and the meaning of local media in different countries of world.
EN
In Romania, Shakespeare played an important role in the construction of Romania’s cultural identity and in the reshaping of political awareness during the communist dictatorship. In recent years, the Bard’s work has been translated into a contemporary, accessible Romanian language, with theatrical or musical adaptations targeted at a public whose tastes are shaped by popular culture. The authors discuss, from this perspective, two recent adaptations: The Taming of the Shrew (2005), acclimatized to contemporary Romanian realities (names, locations and folk music), and Romeo and Juliet (2009) that relocates the tragedy in the musical genre. The choice of two musical genres popular with the most widely spread segments of the public - the conservative, but less educated middle-aged group of non-theatre-goers and the youth - indicates an attempt, still new for the Romanian cultural market, to accommodate Shakespeare to the interests of two different communities of consumers, so far absent from this country’s high culture circuit.
RU
In this paper, the view is proposed that human culture appears fundamental in resolving the problem of ‘the human condition’. Its holistic nature comprises all tangible and intangible aspects, including artefacts, language and communication. It is the culture-language complex which is responsible for the generation of both collective and individual human identity via its locality expressed in a plethora of tangibleintangible manifestations. The regionalism of this complex ought to result in special care of both institutions and individuals who, by demonstrating active involvement on a local scale, are co-responsible for the maintenance of local cultural-linguistic identity. Its vitality is, in turn, more than significant for the maintenance of identity on a larger (e.g. national, global) scale. The aforementioned aspects of regionalism are discussed here on the basis of a review of the content of an encyclopedic outline of Kashubian culture (Bedeker) authored by Tadeusz Bolduan.
EN
What the article explores are two ways of introducing and developing the tasks of intercultural education in Lublin area. The first concerns practical activities conducted in schools at different levels of education. The second way deals with the concept of post-graduate studies in European, regional and intercultural education, carried out in the Institute of Pedagogy of the Maria Curie-Skłodowska’s University. The study also contains reflection on possible applications of the potentialities of the local (material, symbolic, social) culture in constructing authorial school projects and curricula which fulfill the aims of intercultural education.
PL
Artykuł jest omówieniem dwóch sposobów włączania i rozwijania zadań edukacji międzykulturowej na Lubelszczyźnie. Pierwszy – dotyczy praktycznych działań prowadzonych w szkołach na różnych poziomach kształcenia, a drugi – koncepcji studiów podyplomowych w zakresie edukacji europejskiej, regionalnej i międzykulturowej realizowanych w Instytucie Pedagogiki Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Stanowi on również refleksję nad możliwościami wykorzystania potencjału kultury lokalnej (materialnej, symbolicznej, społecznej) do tworzenia autorskich projektów szkolnych i programów nauczania realizujących cele edukacji międzykulturowej.
EN
This article examines the architectural and exhibition concepts of the national pavilions of Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Belarus and Ukraine, which were created for the purposes of the World Expo exhibitions in the years 2000-2020 in the context of the promoted national image. After 1991 and the collapse of the USSR, the countries of Eastern Europe began the process of creating their own national images, in which the World Expo exhibitions became one of the most important platforms for international presentations. The article discusses selected exhibition strategies presented by these countries at six exhibitions: World Expo 2000 in Hanover, World Expo 2005 in Aichi, World Expo 2010 in Shanghai, World Expo 2015 in Milan and World Expo in Dubai 2020. The analysis of solutions was carried out from the perspective of searching for unique forms that distinguish the concepts of individual pavilions. The result of the research was the specification of the tendencies that distinguish pavilions of Eastern European countries from other solutions.
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2019
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vol. 66
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issue 12: Homiletyka
95-106
PL
Głoszenie słowa Bożego dokonuje się zawsze w określonym kontekście kulturowym. Kultura zaś jest systemem znaczeń wyrażanych w symbolach. Jest ona dziełem człowieka, który jako istota symboliczna tworzy i interpretuje symbole. Człowiek jest też istotą społeczną, wraz z innymi tworzy społeczność lokalną. W niej przeżywa swoją codzienność, na którą składają się także nabożeństwa religijne i słuchanie słowa Bożego. Jednym ze współczłonków społeczności lokalnej jest kaznodzieja – duszpasterz. Aby jak najlepiej dostosować Dobrą Nowinę do swych słuchaczy powinien poznawać ich kulturę. Pomocą w tym przedsięwzięciu służą kaznodziei takie teksty kulturowe, jak: lokalne opowiadania; materiały archiwalne; dane demograficzne; architektura i sztuka wizualna; rytuały; wydarzenia i aktywności typowe dla wspólnoty; a także rozmowy z osobami uznawanymi za autorytety. Analiza i interpretacja tych tekstów kulturowych może pomóc kaznodziei w inkulturacji Ewangelii.
EN
The proclamation of God's word always takes place in a specific cultural context. Culture is a system of meanings expressed in symbols. It is the work of a man who, as a symbolic being, creates and interprets symbols. Man is also a social being, together with others he creates a local community. In it, he experiences his everyday life, which also includes religious services and listening to the word of God. One of the members of the local community is a preacher − a priest. In order to best adapt the Good News to the listeners, he should learn about their culture. The preachers are helped by such cultural texts as: local stories; archival materials; demographic data; architecture and visual art; rituals; events and activities typical of the community; as well as conversations with people considered to be authorities. Analyzing and interpreting these cultural texts can help the preacher to inculturate the Gospel.
EN
The aim of this article is to put forth two exemplary methods for writing about literature from the PRL period and, in a broader context, two forms of constructing a history of literature by this model. Enumerating the basic premises for a contemporary history of literature (the loss of neutrality for critical languages, the blurring of borders that define the object of literary studies, and the the altered state of the human sciences), this article’s author proposes the form of the single year study as well as studies inspired by the conceptual apparatus of new regionalism. These approaches offer a chance to investigate thematics that have thus far been ignored in scholarship on PRL-era culture (local culture, the relationship between official and local culture, and the persistence of the internal borders of partitioned Poland in postwar culture) as well as an intimate approach to postwar experience through the multifaceted representation of an isolated moment in time (the single year study).
PL
Celem artykułu jest prezentacja dwu przykładowych sposobów pisania o literaturze okresu PRL i, w szerszym kontekście, dwu form uprawiania historii literatury jako takiej. Wskazując na podstawowe przesłanki istnienia współczesnej historii literatury (utrata neutralności języka badawczego, nieostrość granic przedmiotu badań literaturoznawczych, zmieniona sytuacja nauk humanistycznych), autor artykułu prezentuje formę studium jednego roku (a single year study) oraz badania inspirowane koncepcjami nowego regionalizmu. Dają one możliwość prześledzenia tematyki dotąd słabo obecnej w badaniach nad kulturą PRL (kultura lokalna, relacje między kulturą oficjalną i lokalną, trwałość podziałów porozbiorowych w kulturze powojennej) oraz przybliżenia powojennego doświadczenia poprzez wieloaspektową prezentację pojedynczego momentu w czasie (studium jednego roku).
EN
The purpose of the article is to characterize selected features of the local culture phenomenon. Referring to the category of inconspicuous writing (sketched by Inga Iwasiów), the text discusses local culture as: subordinative (a stereotype of small value of local culture products and low rank regional studies in the humanities), peripheral (limited range and opposition to national culture), non-literary (presence of minor genres, hybridic forms, functional writing), and using everyday life as a topic of local narratives (local history as counter-history). Local culture is also an alternative to all homogenizing social and cognitive projects and – as an autonomous phenomenon – it opens up on different research theories.
PL
Celem artykułu jest charakterystyka wybranych cech zjawiska kultury lokalnej. Posiłkując się kategorią twórczości niepozornej (naszkicowaną przez Ingę Iwasiów), autor omawia takie jej właściwości, jak: drugorzędność (stereotyp małej wartości wytworów kultury lokalnej oraz niska ranga badań regionalistycznych w humanistyce), peryferyjność (ograniczony zasięg występowania i opozycyjność wobec kultury ogólnej), nieliterackość (obecność gatunków poślednich, form pogranicznych, piśmiennictwa użytkowego), codzienność jako temat lokalnych narracji (historia lokalna jako przeciwhistoria). Kultura lokalna jest także alternatywna i opozycyjna wobec wszelkich projektów społecznych i poznawczych homogenizujących i zacierających różnorodność oraz otwarta – jako zjawisko autonomiczne i kompletne daje możliwość użycia do jej charakterystyki różnych języków i teorii badawczych.
EN
The main objective of this article is to look at the phenomenon of cultural globalization in the local dimension. In the thesis an attempt has been made to evaluate both chances and threats connected with these processes and to examine to what extent they influence local communities and cultures. The text is also a reflection on a question of how contemporary local cultures are changing under the influence of global trends and also which of these trends might be used by the local cultures for their development. Another issue that is reflected on is what local cultures should do in order to preserve their unique nature along with cultural identity in the era of transformations. Moreover, the article raises such issues as: the deterritorialization of culture, the renaissance of regionalism or the idea of the new locality.
PL
W artykule autor przedstawia wybrane zagadnienia dotyczące funkcjonowania nazw własnych oraz ich związków z językiem, historią i kulturą południowo-wschodniej Polski. Autor poddał analizie zarówno urzędowo zatwierdzone nazewnictwo Lubelszczyzny i Podkarpacia, jak i odmiany lokalne, w których można zauważyć cechy charakterystyczne dla gwar tego regionu. Ponadto zajął się leksyką apelatywną tkwiącą w nazwach. Znaczna jej część jest typowa dla obszaru pogranicza polsko-ukraińskiego. W publikacji przedstawił również wybrane zagadnienia związane z etymologią ludową i naukową onimów oraz tzw. polityką nazewniczą. Ta ostatnia kwestia tyczy się zmian nazw miejscowości południowo-wschodniej Polski w 1977 r.
EN
The article presents selected issues concerning proper names and their relationships with the language, culture and history of south-eastern Poland. The author analysed both the place names officially approved for the Lublin and Podkarpacie regions, as well as their local variants, which exhibit features typical of dialects spoken in these regions. The author also dealt with appellatives contained in the place names under analysis, whose majority are typical of the Polish-Ukrainian language borderland. The study also includes selected issues concerning folk and scientific etymology of place names and the so-called onomastic policy. The latter issue concerns modifications of places names in south-eastern Poland that took place in 1977.
EN
This paper examines the purpose of disneyfication of local cultures’ representations in movies based on the analysis of selected examples in animated movies by Walt Disney Studios. The main research problem is the phenomenon of disneyfication of local cultures’ representations in the field of animated movies based on analysis of two examples: Mulan (1998) and Lilo & Stitch (2002), which are, according to the author, representative examples of the described process. Disneyfication is analyzed in this paper as a tool to help universalize the message of animated movies, as a result of which the process can be interpreted as a strategy to reach local markets and achieve commercial success in the sphere of mainstream culture. The author also draws attention to the process of disneyfication as a potential threat to audiences, due to the combination of false media images about selected cultural minorities and attempts to answer the question of whether there has been a change in the studio's approach to the representation of cultural minorities in recent years.
PL
W artykule podjęto próbę refleksji nad procesem disneifikacji w obszarze filmu animowanego wchodzącego w skład repertuaru Walt Disney Studios. Główny problem badawczy stanowi zjawisko disneifikacji reprezentacji kultur lokalnych omówione na podstawie dwóch animacji: Mulan (1998) oraz Lilo i Stich (2002), które według autorki są reprezentatywnymi przykładami opisywanego procesu. Disneifikacja analizowana jest jako narzędzie wspomagające uniwersalizację przekazu filmów animowanych, może być więc interpretowana jako strategia umożliwiająca dotarcie na rynki lokalne oraz osiągnięcie komercyjnego sukcesu w kulturze mainstreamowej. Autorka zwraca również uwagę na proces disneifikacji jako potencjalne zagrożenie dla odbiorców ze względu na kreowanie nieprawdziwych mediaobrazów na temat wybranych mniejszości kulturowych oraz próbuje odpowiedzieć na pytanie, czy w ciągu ostatnich lat nastąpiła zmiana podejścia studia do reprezentacji mniejszości kulturowych.
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