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EN
Brother Luis Jerónimo de Oré’s Symbolo Catholico Indiano was the most important and authorized sixteenth century treatise for the evangelization of the native Andean peoples. In its pages we find a vivid image of Andean reality immediately after the Conquest and a fervent exposition of the Catholic faith inspired in the recent Councils of Trent and Lima. The treatise also presents the missioning methods that served the Franciscans and other priests of the Viceroyalty for the evangelization of the indigenous peoples. Above all, in this text we find an admirable exposition of the theological doctrine and catechetical practice in the anthropological perspective that forms its starting point, which is the Andean man or woman who had never heard a message of salvation and dignity for the human person. Brother Luis Jerónimo de Oré Rojas OFM was born in Huamanga in 1554 (now the geographi- cal Department of Ayacucho in Perú). He was a zealous missionary who travelled throughout the colonizers’ territory, from the extreme north of Florida to the extreme south of Chile. As an intelli- gent linguist he was the author of important rituals and catechisms in Quechua and Aymara. He was one of the first bishops born on the American soil, and the first to be incorporated into the Native Indian Council and the Vatican hierarchy; as a bishop he stood out for his protection of aboriginal groups and his energetic defense of the cultural integrity of Native Indian nations.
PL
Artykuł szkicuje kwestię płynności południowej granicy mezoameryki i podstawy źródłowe do analizy tej problematyki. Interakcje między kulturową tradycją mezoamerykańską a tradycją wywodzącą się z południa, reprezentowaną głównie przez ludy Chibcha, sięgają głęboko w przeszłość. Granica Mezoameryki nie była stabilna i miała tendencje do przesuwania się na południe. W pierwszej części artykułu przedstawiono źródła do analizy tego tematu. Są to źródła pisane, etnograficzne, lingwistyczne i archeologiczne. Źródłami pisanymi są dzieła kronikarzy z XVI i XVII wieku, głównie Hiszpanów, ale także nawróconych Indian, Włochów i Francuzów. Wymieniono je w tym artykule wraz z krótkimi danymi biograficznymi autorów. Podstawę do badania źródeł etnograficznych i lingwistycznych są istniejące do dziś ludy zamieszkujące Amerykę Środkową. W prezentowanym tekście omówiono w zarysie te ludy, z uwzględnieniem danych o wielkości populacji, zamieszkiwanym terytorium, języku oraz strukturze społecznej i obecnej kondycji.
EN
This paper outlines a topic of Mesoamerica’s southern border variability and presents sources for analyzing that issue. The interactions between Mesoamerican cultural tradition and the tradition originating from the south as represented predominately by the Chibcha people, turn out to be deeply rooted in the past. Mesoamerican border was not stable and it has tended to drift southwards. The relevant sources could be subdivided into the ethnographic, linguistical and archeological varieties. The written sources are the works left by the authors of chronicles from the XVI and XVII centuries, predominately Spaniards, but also by the converted Indians, and Italians and Frenchmen, as well. They were mentioned along with short biographical data of their authors. The basis for studying ethnographic and linguistical sources is constituted by the currently existing populations including living people – inhabitants of Central America. Finally, these people are briefly described, taking into account population data, territory inhabited by them, language[s] spoken in addition to their social structure and their current condition.
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