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EN
Introduction. Leiomyosarcomas (LMS) originate from smooth muscle cells. They are very rare malignant neoplasms. Bony Leiomyosarcoma is a variant of spindle cell sarcoma, primarily affecting long bones, predominantly the distal femur and the proximal tibia followed by craniofacial skeleton. Aim. To describe clinical presentation and diagnostic approach of primary leiomyosarcoma of bones in two different patients. Description of the cases. Case 1. A 64-year-old male with a fracture of left distal femur after a fall was investigated and found to have a pathological fracture. An open biopsy of the fracture site confirms leiomyosarcoma. Case 2. A 58-year-old previously healthy female presented with a swelling on right side mandibular region. Orthopantomogram radiograph (OPG) of mandible and Cone beam CT (CBCT) mandible was taken initially and revealed a large area of bone destruction of the right side of the mandible associated with a soft tissue mass. Initial incisional biopsy made the diagnosis of spindle cell sarcoma followed by excisional biopsy, which confirms the diagnosis of moderately differentiated leiomyosarcoma. Conclusion. Primary leiomyosarcoma of bones is very rare. Imaging features are helpful in the evaluation of such conditions, but final diagnosis should be based on histopathologic and immunohistochemical features.
EN
The aim of the study is the analysis of mortality due to cancer diseases of men and women aged 65+ in the Lodz region in the period 1999-2014, with particular emphasis on the phenomenon of excess male mortality. The analysis included information on 501,124 deaths reported in the Lodz region from 1999 to 2014. Crude and standardized death rates according to the causes of death based on ICD–10 and excess mortality rates were calculated. An analysis of time trends was performed with the use of joinpoint models. In the period under study a slight decrease in standardized mortality rates (per 10,000) caused by cancer among people aged 65 and more was observed – from 171.7 to 166.8 among males and from 83.9 to 81.7 among females. The excess mortality rate at the beginning and end of the study period was 2.0. The main causes of deaths in the C00‑C97 class among men aged 65+ in 2014 were cancers of (rates per 10,000): trachea, bronchus and lung (46.0); colon, rectum and anus (19.0); prostate (18.4). While among women aged 65 and more, these were cancers of: trachea, bronchus and lung (12.6); colon, rectum and anus (11.3); breast (8.8). The phenomenon of excess mortality of males aged 65 and more due to cancer diseases in the Lodz region in 2014 was determined mainly by malignant neoplasms of: bladder; trachea, bronchus and lung; stomach.
PL
Celem artykułu jest analiza umieralności z powodu chorób nowotworowych mężczyzn i kobiet w wieku 65+ w województwie łódzkim w latach 1999-2014, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem zjawiska nadumieralności mężczyzn. Analizą objęto informacje o 501 124 zgonach odnotowanych w województwie łódzkim w latach 1999-2014. Obliczono rzeczywiste i standaryzowane współczynniki umieralności szczegółowej według przyczyn zgonów na podstawie ICD–10 oraz wskaźniki nadumieralności. Analizę trendów czasowych przeprowadzono za pomocą modeli joinpoint. W badanym okresie zaobserwowano nieznaczne obniżenie standaryzowanych współczynników umieralności (na 10 000 ludności) z powodu nowotworów złośliwych wśród osób w wieku 65+: w grupie mężczyzn z 171,7 do 166,8, a w grupie kobiet z 83,9 do 81,7. Wskaźnik nadumieralności na początku i na końcu ba danego okresu wynosił 2,0. W klasie C00‑C97 najważniejszymi przyczynami zgonów wśród mężczyzn w wieku 65+ w 2014 roku były nowotwory złośliwe (wskaźnik na 10 000 ludności): tchawicy, oskrzela i płuca (46,0); jelita grubego, odbytnicy i odbytu (19,0); gruczołu krokowego (18,4). Natomiast wśród kobiet powyżej 65 roku życia były to nowotwory: tchawicy, oskrzela i płuca (12,6); jelita grubego, odbytnicy i odbytu (11,3); piersi (8,8). Zjawisko nadumieralności mężczyzn w wieku 65 lat i więcej z powodu chorób nowotworowych w województwie łódzkim w 2014 roku było determinowane w największym stopniu nowotworami złośliwymi: pęcherza moczowego, tchawicy, oskrzela i płuca oraz żołądka.
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