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Prace konserwatorskie i rekonstrukcja malowideł na złocie w Gabinecie Konferencyjnym

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Iwanicka K., Jachacz B., Rudniewska H.

Ochrona Zabytków

1987

issue 1-2

127-132

The Conference Room in the Royal Castle in Warsaw is rather a small room, set on the plan of an irregular o c ta gon, a d jo in in g the Throne Room. Its very rich painting decor was made by Bogumił Plersch in 1784—1788. The p aintin g s are done on gold in a distemper techniue in the style of Raphael’s grotesque with plant adornments th a t represent the setting for portraits of seven 18th-century European rulers. Under the portraits we find five compositions , en grisolle, whose subject-matter is associated with the country of the ruler on the portrait above. Just like the walls, the plafond is also decorated; it also has a similar ornamental decoration with eight sphinxes introduced into it. In 1940 the paintings were cut from the walls and secured before the planned blowing-up of the Castle by the Germans. Parts of the paintings were first stored in the National Museum and then hidden in several places. They were protected by inundating their reverse with 5 cm layer of gyp- * sum. Unfortunately, most of them got destroyed during the war. Nevertheless, this is the only o rigina l painting in the Royal Castle preserved to such a degree (nearly 1 / 4th of the wall surface and ca 4/5th of the painting on the p la fond were saved). After the war, in 1965, the preserved deta ils o f polychromy were glued and put together. The reverse sides of the original were strengthened with lime wate r and inundated with mortar containing chalk and polyvinyl alcohol as well as with a metal net construction. Parts of the painting were put together in form of the pictures encircled with wooden frames and they are to be put on display in the National Museum. Besides, they were subjected to various conservation treatments such as cle aning, fixing the scaled polychromy, while missing parts of the groundwork, paint and g ild in g were made up. In 1971 the decision was taken up to reconstruct the Castle and in 1977 the Workshop fo r the Conservation of Paintings, attached to the State Ateliers fo r the Conservation of Cultural Property — branch office in Warsaw, commenced conservation work on the painting decor and gildings of the preserved details of wood-carving and stucco work. After compiling archival, photographic and inventory material the work started. A schematic drawing of the plafond was made on a scale 1 :1 with preserved and made-up missing elements marked on it. The same procedure was employed in the conservation and reconstruction of the polychromy on the walls. The layout of the ceiling with accordingly distributed elements was placed inside a newly-built ca b inet on a rig id scaffolding. "Low walls" with polychromy were fixed on a "fa ls e ” roofing by means of a special construction designed by A. Pawlikowski. Parts of o rigina l p a in tings on walls were fixed with brass ties in specially located recesses in the walls on a scale 1:1 in accordance with schematic drawings. A few layers of chalk and glue whiting, tinted and polished, were put under reconstructed polychromy. A special technique of gild in g and painting, similar to th a t used by Plersch, was worked out. The g ilding on "m ix tio n ” with pure gold was app lie d and the reconstruction was done in a distemper technique (adhesive made from the egg, gelatine and dammar varnish). All this was preceded with many trials and studies employing, i.a., painting techniques of Plersch in the Royal Castle and those found in the Łazienki Park in Warsaw and the Mansion House at Jordanowice. Paintings on wooden wainscot g o t reconstructed and all preserved gild e d elements of wood-carving and stuccowork were subjected to conservation. Stippling was done with hatches with gold powder, then polished, differentiating thus o rigina l parts from the reconstructed ones, which were done with gold plates. The conservation and reconstructional work was carried out between May 1977 and July 1979 by the following conservators headed by Halina Rudniewska: Katarzyna Iwanicka, Barbara Jachacz, Małgorzata Kozińska, Jerzy Suchwałko and Jerzy Szymczewski. The reconstruction of the polychromy on the winscoting was done by Kalina Stawicka, while the g ild in g work — by the team headed by Barbara Pawłowska.

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1 Ochrona Zabytków

1 Iwanicka K.

1 Jachacz B.

1 Rudniewska H.

1 1987

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Prace konserwatorskie i rekonstrukcja malowideł na złocie w Gabinecie Konferencyjnym