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EN
In the most general terms, the Logical Connection Argument (LCA) states that theory and practice are two inseparable aspects of the same thing. Every action (or practice), linguistic or otherwise, is an indivisible unity of content and the means by which it is expressed. Alternatively, we may talk of the inseparability of content and form, meaning and act of expression, goal and method or means of its realization, and so forth. The argument was meant to prove that intentions cannot be treated as causes in social scientific explanation, but it did it at the cost of making any meta-analysis, and hence, critique, highly problematic. My position is that the LCA is indeed logical, and hence irrefutable. Nonetheless, we can distinguish between “raw” and “refined” versions of the argument. The refined version maintains that while ultimately and ideally, the content and means of expression presuppose one another in the sense that a content is inconceivable without a form, and vice versa, in reality there is never a perfect match between aims and methods. In typical circumstances, we do not have a precise sense of what we are doing; the meaning of our actions is gradually discovered in the course of exploratory behaviors, of which (immanent) critique is an indispensable part. In this contribution, I venture to examine the problem from a neuropsychological perspective with the view to showing in exactly what sense and to what extent explorative behaviors and associated motivations preside over other activities. I argue that content is always underdetermined with respect to its form (and vice versa), and hence the alleged internal connection between them is not a given, but rather amounts to a regulative principle which motivates mutual adjustments.
EN
The theme of love occupies an important place in contemporary French children’s poetry, being present in very different aspects. The best represented one is love between parents and children. Affective vocabulary, diminutives and childish language indicate a strong emotional interaction between mother and child; tropes (metaphors, personifications etc.) express different facets of love. Poets are sometimes inspired by traditional French lullabies. Full of love, poems teach little readers to appreciate their family, their friends, their homeland, nature, animals, and life. Lyricism, however, does not exclude humour and playfulness. Children love to play and to fool around, and to evoke their mischievous behaviour, poets often recur to slang and familiar vocabulary. The mixture of registers adds to the charm of the poems, whereas a wide range of expressive means reflects the diversity of emotions and feelings.
FR
Le thème de l’amour occupe une place importante dans la poésie française pour les enfants, en prenant des aspects très divers. L’amour qui lie parents et enfants est le mieux représenté. Les poètes transmettent cet amour à l’aide de moyens d’expression variés : un lexique affectif, des noms hypocoristiques, le langage enfantin ; les tropes (la métaphore, la personnification, etc.) permettent d’exprimer les différentes facettes de l’amour. Les poètes s’inspirent des berceuses françaises traditionnelles. Les poèmes apprennent aux petits lecteurs à choyer leur famille, leurs amis, leur pays natal, la nature, les animaux, la vie. Ce lyrisme n’exclut pas que la poésie pour les jeunes soit empreinte d’humour et d’espièglerie. Pour évoquer les actions des enfants indisciplinés, les poètes recourent à un lexique argotique et familier. Le mélange des registres ajoute au charme de ces poèmes. Les différents visages de l’amour font l’objet d’une riche gamme de moyens d’expression qui reflètent toute la diversité des émotions et des sentiments.
FR
L’article explore le concept des obligations positives et négatives de l’État en matière de défense des droits humains, reconnu dans la littérature sur les droits humains et dans les arrêts de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme. Le concept est ensuite appliqué pour montrer l’importance de garantir la liberté d’expression dans la réglementation des services d’accès à Internet et dans l’application des réglementations pertinentes dans les États membres de l’UE. L’auteur est d’avis que les arguments économiques ne doivent pas occulter la nécessité de garantir la liberté d’expression des utilisateurs finals des services d’accès à Internet.
EN
The article explores the concept of the positive and negative obligations of the state in securing human rights, recognized in human rights literature, and in the judgments of the European Court of Human Rights. The concept is then applied to show the importance of securing freedom of expression in regulating Internet access services and enforcing pertinent regulations in EU Member States. The author is of the opinion that economic arguments should not overshadow the need to secure the freedom of expression of the end-users of Internet access services.
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