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EN
The paper offers a review of Polish discussions on the educational aspects of film. While initially many authors were quite sceptical of film, then viewed primarily as a form of cheap entertainment for the masses, they subsequently started exploring the possibilities for using film in education. The paper discusses the views of early pioneers, such as Matuszewski and Irzykowski, up until more recent developments (such as the New Horizons Association), emphasizing the Polish contribution to the history of film and media education.
EN
The aim of this article is to discuss the idea of fictional texts, which were published in the printed press in XVIII and XIX century. The author presents the famous fake news, hoaxes, puffs, and canards and analyzes how these forms were perceived by the press commentators of that time (such as Richard Steele, Joseph Addison, Jonathan Swift, Edgar Allan Poe, Gerard de Nerval, Honore de Balzac, Bruno Kicinski). In the press of the Enlightenment era, which was dominated by essay writing, fictional articles were usually created for satirical purposes and they were used to highlight various human flaws. The development of mass press in the nineteenth century contributed to the fact that publications based on false news were used by journalists for a different purpose. These texts were primarily treated as a tool to gain the reader's attention in order to expand the group of regular subscribers. In the press of the first half of the XIX century, fictitious articles were associated with a romantic appreciation of the imagination. In the history of the media fake news, hoaxes, and canards also served as entertainment. They aroused curiosity, attracted the attention of readers, and they allowed journalists to fill empty columns of periodicals during a period of severe censorship. The research focuses on three countries: England, France and Poland. The comparative perspective shows the differences and similarities in the approach to the problem of fictional texts presented by writers and journalists creating their texts in different languages.
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Historia historii komunikacji w zarysie

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EN
This article focuses on the relatively new area of communication research and communciology, which is the history of communication. The paper summarizes the origins of communication history and indicates the most important scientific areas and approaches that have shaped its present condition. The historical approach to communication phenomena is derived from several important and influential fields of communication research, e.g. the Toronto School of Communications, the ritual view of communication, intellectual history and history of mentalities, cultural anthropology and others. This paper outlines the origins as well as the current state of research and connects its main areas with three fundamental aspects of communication history: communication practices, media and collective representations of communication.
EN
The author of the reviewed book for the first time shows how and why film preferences of the inhabitants of Breslau in the years 1896–1932 and 1933–1945 differed in relation to the choices of cinema audiences in other European cities during the same period. He uses the POPSTAT statistical method proposed for this purpose by the German researcher Joseph Potter. He also uses the scientific ideas of „attraction cinema” developed by André Gaudreault. He bases his research on analyzing film success rankings and to measure viewer preferences.
DE
Der Beitrag setzt sich mit einem bislang kaum beachteten Phänomen der österreichischen Aufklärung auseinander. Die Geschichte und Aktivitäten der Olmützer „Societas incognitorum eruditorum in terris Austriacis“ werden im Rahmen ihres Entstehungskontextes erklärt und gezeigt, wie sie in der deutschen bzw. europäischen Aufklärung verankert ist. Näher eingegangen wird auf den Aspekt der Treue zum Kaiserhaus, den die Olmützer Intellektuellen bzw. die Mitglieder der Gelehrtengesellschaft an den Tag legten und am Beispiel der „Theresiade“ von Scheyb illustriert.
EN
The article deals with a little known phenomenon of the Austrian Enlightenment. The history and activities of the Olomouc-based “Societas incognitorum in terris Austriacis” is explained regarding its genesis and it is shown how the society is positioned between the German and resp. European Enlightenment. The article also offers an analysis of the aspect of loyalty to the dynasty by the members of the “Societas incognitorum”, illustrated by a literary example, Scheyb’s Theresiada.
EN
The summary of the achievements of the Women’s History Research Center in 2019–2021 as part of the “DIALOG” grant program is positive. This is an incentive for the research team associated with the Center to continue cooperation in the following years. A new field of joint activity under the ministerial program “SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF SCIENCE” could become in the years 2022–2023 press studies (more broadly media studies) focused on media addressed to women and their public perception. Attention should be given to the publications appearing in the 19th–20th-century traditional press as well as on the 20th–21st-century audiovisual media, both classic and digital. When examining their social perception, one should not forget about the use of spoken accounts that fit into the oral history research area, about egodocuments and intimism so important in biography, as well as about traditional and digital press photography.
PL
Podsumowanie dokonań Ośrodka Badań Historii Kobiet w latach 2019–2021 w ramach programu grantowego „DIALOG” wypada pozytywnie. Stanowi to dla zespołu naukowego związanego z Ośrodkiem zachętę do kontynuowania współpracy w latach następnych. Nowym polem wspólnej aktywności w ramach ministerialnego programu „SPOŁECZNA ODPOWIEDZIALNOŚĆ NAUKI” mogłyby się stać w latach 2022–2023 badania prasoznawcze (szerzej medioznawcze) ukierunkowane na media adresowane do kobiet i ich społeczny odbiór. Uwagę w równym stopniu należałoby skupić na publikacjach ukazujących się na łamach XIX‒XX-wiecznej prasy tradycyjnej, jak też XX–XXI-wiecznych przekazach z mediów audiowizualnych, zarówno tych klasycznych, jak też cyfrowych. Badając ich społeczny odbiór, nie powinno się zapominać o wykorzystaniu relacji mówionych wpisujących się w przestrzeń badawczą oral history, o egodokumentach i intymistyce tak ważnych w biografistyce, a także o tradycyjnej i cyfrowej fotografii prasowej.
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