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Entry-Internal Navigation in Dictionaries: A Review of the Literature

100%
Ptasznik B.
Acta Neophilologica
|
2013
|
issue XV/2
177-190
EN
Selecting the correct sense in a polysemous entry may cause difficulty for language learners. Poor dictionary reference skills of users may account for the problems that students encounter in dictionary consultation. In addition, some dictionary users may have a tendency to consult the first sense of an entry and not the remaining senses [Tono 1984], although the information required for understanding the meaning of a word might be situated in the middle or end of an entry. For these reasons, lexicographers have started introducing sense navigation devices in dictionaries: menus and signposts. The main role of these devices is to assist dictionary users in entry consultation by helping them find the right meaning of a word as quickly as possible. The present paper is a review of nine empirical studies [Tono 1992, 1997, 2011; Bogaards 1998; Lew 2010; Lew et al. 2013; Lew and Pajkowska 2007; Lew and Tokarek 2010; Nesi and Tan 2011] focusing on the effectiveness of sense navigation devices in dictionaries. In general, the studies investigate how menus and signposts in dictionary entries affect sense selection accuracy and entry consultation time. Furthermore, observations are made regarding the effect of entry length and proficiency level of users on sense selection accuracy and entry consultation time in the context of menus and signposts. Also, menu and signpost systems are compared.
2

Types of sense-navigation devices in print monolingual English learners’ dictionaries

100%
Ptasznik B.
Prace Językoznawcze
|
2018
|
issue XX/2
157-170
EN
Sense-navigation devices in English monolingual learners’ dictionaries are the primary focus of this paper. There are two main types of sense-navigation devices: signposts and menus. Signposts (also called guidewords, or short cuts), which help dictionary users quickly find the sense of a word they are searching for, appear next to the senses of a word. They are brief definitions of senses and consist of a few words. Menus, which are the second type of sensenavigation devices, form a list of senses (or signposts) above the entry. Similarly to signposts, their role is to increase sense selection and shorten consultation time. The paper describes the specific types of sense-navigation devices which appear in the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (signposts and menus), Cambridge International Dictionary of English (guide words) and Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary (guidewords), Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English (short cuts) and Macmillan English Dictionary for Advanced Learners (menus).
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