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EN
This article deals with the issue of pre-election polling and examines the methodological approaches used in pre-election polling in the Czech Republic. A selection of Czech research agencies is presented and explored, as well as the recommendations of various professional associations. The core of this work examines and compares the methodological approaches used by the Czech agencies CVVM, ppm factum, Median and STEM. The aim of this article is to highlight the differences in the methodological approaches among the Czech agencies and to determine whether these differences could eventually affect the outcomes of pre-election polls.
EN
This paper aims to draw scientific attention to the significance and usefulness of sociological approach, namely higher education (HE) graduates’ perceptions survey as a one of the mechanisms to collect and use graduate feedback facilitating the study programmes’ evaluation, and in turn, enlarging our knowledge on the enhancement of HE quality, the improvement of graduate employability, and effective ways of smoothing the transition from education to work. The emphasis is being placed on critical description of the analytical framework set out by authors of the international research project – DEHEMS on HE graduates feedback. The DEHEMS project uses secondary – processed data based on primary – raw data as generated by two Europe-wide and large-scale research projects: REFLEX and HEGESCO. JEL Code: I230 1This article is the revised version of an unpublished poster presentation given by the author at the 35th EAIR Annual Forum: “The Impact of Higher Education: Addressing the Challenges of the 21st Century”, Erasmus University Rotterdam, 28–31 August 2013, Rotterdam; P. Bielecki, Poland’s Business/ Economics Graduates’ Perceptions and Evaluation of Study Programmes.
EN
The aim was a theoretical analysis of the key methodological approaches to the study of the process of formationof professional ethics of the future social workers at the universities. In the development we applied theoretical methods of research, namely analysis of the psychological, pedagogical, sociological scientific basis for the analysis of methodological approaches in the study. As a result of the analysis made by scientists on the methodological approaches in the study, it can be argued that the humanistic, deontological, axiological approaches can be considered the key ones. So we can formulate such regularities of formation of professional ethics of the future social workers in universities. 1. Vocational education as a process of formation of mental qualities and functions, conditioned the interaction of a student with teachers and social environment. 2. Among the humanistic tendencies of functioning of the system of higher education you can distinguish the main one – the orientation towards the development of student’s personality. 3. Humanization of higher education is largely conditioned by the implementation of the principle of professional and ethical mutual responsibility. 4. Today there is a real opportunity to enable a person to master not only basic professional knowledge, but also universal human culture, deontological norms, values, principles that regulate the external behavior of a future specialist, exist in his mind. 5. Formation of a specialist in harmony with human values depends on the level of assimilation of basic humanistic ones. This regularity is conditioned by the axiological approach to the selection of the content of higher education, which needs to increase the status of humanitarian subjects, in particular professional ethics, their renewal, liberation from schematics, revealing their spirituality and universal values.
EN
In the paper the question about philosophical components of Anton Semenovitch Makarenko’s educational system is discussed, and it is aimed to emphasize a new methodological approach to education and pedagogy. The author suggests and shows that it is necessary to take into deliberation this topic, on account of child outlook it develops both on educational and pedagogical ground, as well, starting with personal behavior of educator, and interaction with other people, and finishing with moral needs of the personality. Thus, in author’s opinion it might be possible to create some scientific paradigm which could allow to take a look at moral and ethical education of children from positions of axiology that are related to goals of present paper and having a particular meaning for specialized scholars, philosophers and sociologists. Moreover, such topics draw attention of international community, as far as ethical crisis of present world presupposes that all who want to go out of narrow frameworks of pedagogy as science about children and have pedagogy as science about man and personality try hard to realize such project. Besides, axiological approach to education and pedagogical sciences allows thinking that latters must be “built up” on the basis of pluralism, because they imply a multidisciplinary and multilayer approach to the personality based on dialogue as core for creating new behavior, it means ethically oriented paths in education, taking into account the fact that only an ethical regulation of conflicts in collective can give the possibility of a really development of such personal qualities as altruism, diligence, generosity, that are needed in interpersonal relations, at work, at school and in every place where takes place any form of personal interaction. The author of the present paper is convicted that Anton Makarenko’s ideas can help modern specialized scholars, studying his pedagogical heritage by creation of such new look at Makarenko’s studies as axiological one. Moreover, scholars of other fields of research can use Makarenko’s ideas in seeking for solution to the problem of anthropological crisis of a modern society due to maladjustment and absence of concrete values, having a deep moral and psychological meaning for youth. The aim of the author is underscoring how discourse must become an important and inherent part in pedagogical sciences, and in such important fields, related to this: education and formation. Discourse ought to become a possibility in disclosing pedagogy, education and formation to outer world, because it is necessary that they have a direct contact with society and environment, as far as it is impossible to figure out pedagogy out of the society and vice versa, if taking into account their complementary character, which can have a positive influence both on pedagogy and society. Pedagogy cannot be content with researching theoretical way to solving eternal questions concerning it, science has to be a battlefield where practice must be a prerequisite and factor for further development of the science. From this point of view, it is interesting to use Makarenko’s, Dewey’s ideas in order to create a pedagogical pragmatism, which can go out and get free of outdated conceptions. This process has to go in favors of a pedagogy and education that have to be aimed at observing and studying formation of the child’s personality and his or her development into a fully rounded moral person, as far as this process must arise on the background of democratic principles, being ever background of pedagogy as a driving force of society.
RU
Осуществлен анализ основных теоретико-методологических исследований электорального поведения и факторов, которые на него влияют. Рассмотрено влияние средств массовой коммуникации и информации на массовое сознание и электоральное поведение.
PL
Dokonano analizy podstawowych badań teoretyczno-metodologicznych nad zachowaniami wyborczymi oraz przesłankami które je kształtują. Wskazano także wpływ mediów i informacji na świadomość społeczną i zachowania wyborcze.
EN
The analysis of the main theoretical and methodological researches of electoral behavior and factors influencing it has been carried out. The influence of mass communication and information on mass consciousness and electoral behavior is considered.
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