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Kardynał Elio Sgreccia (1928–2019) – Pionier włoskiej bioetyki. Promotor kultury życia

100%
Wolski J.
Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne
|
2019
|
vol. 28
|
issue 4
7-18
EN
Cardinal Elio Sgreccia was a distinguished teacher and a promoter of dignity and value of human life. He was widely recognized and greatly respected on the international arena. He is known as a founder of Italian bioethics with a personalistic profile. Among many functions that he performed during his life is also the one related to Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne. Since 2014 he was a member of the Scientific Council of this journal. This article is meant as an expression of gratitude to the late cardinal for the actions he took in bioethics. We present the outline of his personalistic bioethics with a triangular method which was formulated by him for this discipline.
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Metodologia bioetyki

88%
Chyrowicz B.
Diametros
|
2014
|
issue 42
1-28
PL
Prezentowana w artykule problematyka dotyczy (1) statusu bioetyki jako dyscypliny naukowej i (2) wykorzystywanych w niej metod badawczych. W ramach statusu bioetyki omawiane są problemy związane ze zdefiniowaniem bioetyki, sposobami jej uprawiania (interdyscyplinarny dyskurs, etyka stosowana, kontynuacja etyki medycznej) oraz wyborem dyscypliny, w ramach której miałaby być uprawiana (prawo, teologia, filozofia). Przedstawione metody bioetyki zostały podzielone na normatywne i nienormatywne. Metody nienormatywne to metody empiryczne, zarówno jakościowe jak i ilościowe; metody normatywne natomiast zostały ujęte w trzech grupach: metody oparte na zasadach (aplikacyjna i koherencyjna), metoda kazuistyczna oraz metody alternatywne (perspektywa etyki cnót, perspektywa etyki troski, metoda komunitariańska i perspektywa narracyjna). Ponieważ alternatywne sposoby badania problemów bioetycznych nie są zawsze metodologicznie dopracowane, obok pojęcia metody zostało wprowadzone pojęcie perspektywy badawczej (w literaturze przedmiotu używane zamiennie z pojęciem podejścia badawczego).
EN
The issues presented in this article bear on (1) the status of bioethics as an academic discipline and (2) research methods employed in it. With regard to the status of bioethics, I discuss problems related to the definition of bioethics, the ways of addressing bioethical issues (interdisciplinary discourse, applied ethics, an extension of medical ethics) and the choice of the discipline within which bioethics should be developed (law, theology, philosophy). The presented methods of bioethics have been divided into normative and non-normative. The non-normative methods are empirical, both qualitative and quantitative, whereas normative methods have been divided into three groups: methods based on principles (the application method and coherentism), casuistry, and alternative methods (virtue ethics, the ethics of care, communitarianism, and the narrative perspective). Since alternative ways of addressing bioethical issues are not always sufficiently developed from the methodological point of view, I have introduced, apart from the concept of method, the concept of research perspective (used, in the literature on the subject, interchangeably with the concept of research approach).
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