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Wychowanie do przebaczenia w pedagogii salezjańskiej

100%
PL
Problematyka wychowawcza dotyczy zawsze konkretnego człowieka. W procesie wychowania, zachodzącym pomiędzy wychowawcą i wychowankiem, wychowawca podejmuje świadome działania na rzecz poszerzenia i ubogacenia repertuaru zachowań oraz postaw wychowanka. Jedną z wartości istotnych w życiu człowieka jest przebaczenie i należy do tych, które podlegają kształtowaniu i rozwojowi. Można stwierdzić, iż przebaczenie to akt dynamiczny, przekształcający, który nie implikuje jedynie zmiany w wewnętrznym nastawieniu osoby, która przebacza, lecz wywołuje efekty także w osobie, która dostępuje przebaczenia, powoduje zmianę w jej sytuacji. Osobiste doświadczenie i myśl księdza Jana Bosko o konieczności wychowania i wychowawcy dla rozwoju ludzkiego i chrześcijańskiego człowieka mają swe korzenie w chrześcijańskiej wizji człowieka, w realistycznym humanizmie, który go cechował, a który pochodził z jego wiary i miłości do człowieka. System prewencyjny jest miłosierdziem w działaniu. Myśl wychowawcza księdza Bosko jest umieszczona w kontekście wielkich wyzwań i potrzeb, odnosi się do samej natury działań prewencyjnych i podkreśla iż: prawdziwa miłość nakazuje błędy innych znosić z cierpliwością i chętnie przebaczać. Przez miłość wychowawca tworzy klimat prawdziwej „pedagogicznej obecności”, obecności twórczej i wyzwalającej, odsłania cały wieloproblemowy i wieloaspektowy kontekst uwarunkowań dla sytuacji i procesów wychowania, w tym także wychowania do przebaczenia.
EN
The question of education always comes down to the individual. In this educational process, taking place between the teacher and the pupil, the teacher makes conscious efforts to broaden and enrich the pupil’s repertoire of behaviours and attitudes. One of the important values in human life is forgiveness, which is one of those concepts subject to formation and development. It can therefore be concluded that this is a dynamic, transformative act, which not only implies a change in the inner attitude of the person who forgives, but also affects the person forgiven, causing a change in his situation. The personal experience and the thought of Father John Bosco about the necessity of education and educators for the human and Christian development of man have their roots in the Christian vision of man, in the realistic humanism that characterized him and which came from his faith and love for man. The Preventive System is mercy in action. The educational idea of Don Bosco is placed in the context of great challenges and needs, relates to the very nature of prevention and emphasized that true love requires the enduring of mistakes of others with patience and a willingness to forgive. Through love, the teacher creates a climate of true „pedagogical presence”, a creative and liberating presence, and reveals the entire multifaceted and multidimensional context of the situation and the processes of education, including educating for forgiveness.
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych
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2006
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vol. 34
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issue 2
91-109
EN
The article undertakes the problem of pedagogical mildness. It is an attempt to define the concept in the spirit of personalist education and to show the ways of practically carrying it into effect; it also compares it with theses of anti-pedagogy (in the context of the concept of educational permissiveness). The attitude of educational mildness understood in this way is closely connected with educational love as the leading value guiding interpersonal relations. Harmonized relations between the educator and the pupil, educational atmosphere of friendship and warmth, aiming at the good and development of the pupil, the element of understanding, forgiveness, and also of rational consideration of the educational situation on the side of the educator are characteristic features of mildness in education. They find their practical expression in the work of the reliable educator. The problems of the place that spontaneity and guiding, commonness and individuality as well as self-education should take in the conception of pedagogical mildness have been also undertaken. According to the conception, educational effect appears as „mild directing”, and spontaneity of the educational situations is „relative spontaneity” determined by the borderlines of the principles and values that are binding. The community and individual dimension of education condition each other, and self-education is an essential element in the process of value interiorization and of personal formation of a man. The whole of the tackled issue is an attempt to answer the questions about the proper relation between the pedagogue and the pupil and about understanding the role and way of expressing mildness in education, which questions are asked in many educational circles today.
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