The present paper focuses on some aspects of the Neoplatonist literary-metaphysical theory, which has clearly been expressed in the anonymous Prolegomena to Plato’s philosophy and further confirmed in Proclus’ exegesis of the Timaeus. Thus, this contribution, examines and compares several passages from the Prolegomena and from Proclus’ Commentary on the Timaeus with a view to showing that it is legitimate to speak of a certain cosmogony of the Platonic dialogue that is analogous to that of the macrocosm. Moreover, the analogy between macrocosm and microcosm makes it possible to further investigate the similarity between the λόγος-ζῷον of the Demiurge and that of Timaeus, on the one hand, and the reality which the λόγος expresses, on the other. This similarity turns out to be both structural/morphological and content-related/semantic. Thus, by combining the natural and theological science, the analysis of the “generation” of the macrocosm and microcosm brings out the strongly analogical nature of Plato’s dialogues, which is particularly visible in the Timaeus.
Maximus the Confessor combined rich philosophical traditions with a theological heritage, but he also presented his own original vision of the role of man in the universe. A coherent cosmological and anthropological system becomes the basis for the fundamental human responsibility for the universe within the divine economy. Maxim recognizes that man is not only the microcosm, but also the mediator, between creature and Creator. Analysis of the Confessor’s works allows us to conclude that since the ultimate aim of the universe is its deification, the mission entrusted to man is to recognize this purpose and to participate in its realization.
PL
Maksym Wyznawca łączy szeroko rozumianą tradycję filozoficzną z dziedzictwem teologicznym, ale także zawiera własne, oryginalne tezy dotyczące roli człowieka we wszechświecie. Spójna wizja kosmologiczna i antropologiczna stają się podstawą najgłębszej, wpisanej w ekonomię zbawienia, odpowiedzialności człowieka za wszechświat. Maksym rozpoznaje w człowieku nie tylko mikrokosmos, ale także pośrednika między stworzeniem i Stwórcą. Analiza dział Wyznawcy pozwala nam stwierdzić, że skoro ostatecznym przeznaczeniem wszechświata jest przebóstwienia, to zadaniem powierzonym człowiekowi jest rozpoznanie tego najgłębszego celu istnienia wszechświata i współuczestnictwo w jego urzeczywistnieniu.
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