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1

Plečnik, Masaryk und die Antike oder eine Architektur für die neue Demokratie

100%
Valena T.
Umění (Art)
|
2012
|
vol. 60
|
issue 1
39-52
XX
The philosopher T. G. Masaryk had no concrete vision for the reconstruction of Prague Castle when he became the first President of Czechoslovakia. All he had was a vague idea about transforming the monarchic castle into a democratic one. In full confidence he left the specific decisions about how to achieve this in the hands of the charismatic artist and architect Josip Plečnik. But as a statesman Masaryk did of course have a clear vision of humanitarian democracy, which he based on a system of values, a practical and political love for one's neighbour, and thus ultimately on a religious outlook. The latter was also a point of contact with Plečnik's more folk view of democracy. What is 'democratic' about Plečnik's reconstruction of Prague Castle? Of the many possible links between architecture and democracy, in this case the following stand out: transparency, successive openings of the castle grounds to the public, discursiveness, the anthropomorphic scale of the small interventions in the public space, and, above all, the reference to Greece as the cradle of democracy. As a Platonist, Masaryk identified the origins of politics, philosophy and, thus, humanism in the Greek polis. It is a well-known fact that antiquity was the most important point of departure for Plečnik's architectural work. This connection with the classical world is another important affinity between the two otherwise very distinct figures of Plečnik and Masaryk, and it helps to explain this unique example of cooperation on the reconstruction of Prague Castle in the 1920s.
2
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O pewnej slowiańsko-bałtyckiej paraleli semantycznej w mikrotoponimii Podlasia

51%
Citko L.
Acta onomastica
|
2013
|
vol. 54
43-53
EN
This article focuses on the topographical names of Podlasie formed from the roots lado (Old Slavic *lędo) and lid(z)mo (Lith. lydìmas, lýdìmas). The semantic identity of the two terms became the reason for their parallel treatment despite their genetic distinctiveness. They were used to denote objects of a similar type, referring to ‘an area which has been grubbed up, cleared forest’. The area where microtoponyms with the root lado are found does not generally reach further than the western boundaries of Ruthenian dialects in Podlasie. Microtoponyms with the root lydìmas are found in the area located a dozen or so kilometres to the west from the current boundary of East Slavic dialects. The geography of toponyms reflects the old system of ethno-linguistic relations in the area under analysis, which was colonised by Polish and Ruthenian-Lithuanian settlers in the 15–17th centuries.
3
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Nazwy terenowe jako czynnik utrwalający gwarę

32%
Jelonek T.
Onomastica
|
2016
|
vol. 60
263-271
EN
The main purpose of this article is to present how geographical names (microtoponyms) acquire slang names. The site of inquiry is the area of Wręczyca Wielka, which contains the names of different physiographic objects, e. g. fields, meadows, forests, paths. The data was collected from 2011 to 2015 during the informal utterances of the oldest and middle generations of the inhabitants of the area. The analysis also contains the justifications for the microtoponyms. The linguistic material was collected in the area near Kłobuck in the north of the Silesian Province. The first part of this article is devoted to the main transformation of the Polish rural areas after 1945. The latter parts of the text present e.g. the fact that microtoponyms sustain phonetic slang features which do not exist in contemporary slang, and the fact that geographical names are one of the elements of folk culture, as well as the link between the former and contemporary folk image.
4

Osiemnastowieczne deskrypcje i nominacje onimiczne miejsc terenowych – proces animizacji na przykładzie akt wizytacji Kościoła katolickiego diecezji przemyskiej

32%
Bukowska I.
Roczniki Humanistyczne
|
2014
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vol. 62
|
issue 6: Językoznawstwo
074-085
PL
Artykuł przedstawia teoretyczny problem statusu desygnacji miejsc terenowych na przykładzie osiemnastowiecznego materiału z terytorium ziemi przemyskiej. Ujawnia on poza formami ustabilizowanymi, czyli nazwami własnymi, również deskrypty z cechami nieonimicznymi. W świetle zebranego materiału można niekiedy śledzić proces przekształcania się takich deskryptów w onimy w tak zwanym procesie onimizacji.
EN
This paper presents a theoretical issue of the status of the designation of the place names on the basis of explorations of the 18th-century material from the province of Przemyśl. The research has revealed the existence of fixed forms - place names - but also of descriptive forms devoid of onymic features. The data analysis allows tracing the processes responsible for turning descriptive elements into onymic elements in the process called onymization.
5
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Kapliczki i krzyże przydrożne w nazwach terenowych (na przykładzie mikrotoponimów gminy Wręczyca Wielka w powiecie kłobuckim)

26%
Jelonek T.
Onomastica
|
2020
|
vol. 64
69-82
EN
The main purpose of this article is an attempt at the description of the role of roadside shrines and crosses in geographical names. The study encompasses more than 1,000 microtoponyms collected in the years 2011–2017 in the area around the village of Wręczyca Wielka near Kłobuck (Silesian voivodeship). The analysis also offers a justification for the onyms, as well as stories and legends elicited during informal conversations with the middle and the oldest generation of inhabitants of the explored area. The author uses the research tools of cultural onomastics.The objects of sacral architecture which appear in geographical names frequently have a number of functions. Mostly, roadside shrines and crosses help to locate or mark fields, meadows, forests and paths. Furthermore, the data that shed light on the motivation of microtoponyms document the relationship between the abovementioned examples of sacral architecture with the surrounding physiographic objects, highlighting the role of these forms in folk culture. Both roadside crosses and shrines commemorate past events and preserve the elements of rural customs. The few specimens of sacral architecture functioning as the motivation for microtoponyms also confirm the fact that, for the oldest generation of village inhabitants, religion is still one of the most important values.
PL
Głównym celem artykułu jest próba określenia roli kapliczek i krzyży przydrożnych w nazwach terenowych. Przykładowy materiał badawczy stanowi ponad 1000 mikrotoponimów zgromadzonych w trakcie prowadzenia badań terenowych (2011-2017) na obszarze gminy Wręczyca Wielka w powiecie kłobuckim, w województwie śląskim. Do analizy włączono również uzasadnienia nazwotwórcze poszczególnych onimów oraz podania, historie i legendy, które uzyskano podczas prowadzenia nieoficjalnych rozmów z przedstawicielami średniego i najstarszego pokolenia mieszkańców eksplorowanej gminy. W artykule wykorzystano narzędzia badawcze onomastyki kulturowej. Małe obiekty architektury sakralnej, które pojawiają się w nazwach terenowych, pełnią często po kilka ról. Najczęściej krzyże i kapliczki przydrożne są lokalizatorami, względem których desygnuje się pola, łąki, lasy, dukty itp. Ponadto „dane przyjęzykowe” zawarte w uzasadnieniach nazwotwórczych mikrotoponimów dokumentują związek małych form architektury sakralnej z okolicznymi obiektami fizjograficznymi i uwypuklają rolę tych form w kulturze ludowej. I tak krzyże i kapliczki przydrożne upamiętniają dawne wydarzenia oraz utrwalają elementy wiejskiej obyczajowości. Małe obiekty architektury sakralnej wpisane w mikrotoponimy potwierdzają również to, że dla najstarszego pokolenia mieszkańców współczesnej wsi religia wciąż stanowi jedną z najwyższych wartości.
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