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Military industry and readjustment in the Hungarian hinterland in the First World War

100%
Deák J.
Central European Papers
|
2014
|
vol. 2
|
issue 2
23-35
EN
The First World War had a considerable effect on the development of the Hungarian military industry. The war had its effect in the hinterland as well, and on the basis of the law of exceptional power, affected the development of the law enforcement bodies. The sources clearly show how the Hungarian military industry satisfied the requirements of the branches and how the Interior Ministry upheld the continuous operation of the public administration and public safety. Several of the then flourishing military companies' names have since been forgotten while of the bodies of the border guard, gendarmerie, state police, guaranteeing the order in the hinterland in the midst of war conditions, only the last one survived, named police. How were these military factories born and how could they boost their production? How the law enforcement bodies of the era were founded, with what manpower and organizations did they guard public safety?
2
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Kilka uwag o europejskim bezpieczeństwie w kontekście nakładów państw członkowskich Unii Europejskiej na obronność

100%
Willa R.
Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne
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2016
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vol. 50
89-106
EN
Security has become the key word nowadays. Without the guarantee of security there is no social or economic development of countries or organisations. Without it no subject will be able to face ongoing challenges. Even though the world is evolving dynamically, it is still essential to have real power and the ability to deter potential enemies. Satisfactory or even excellent economic relations will not replace military power, strong defense industries or military pacts. Therefore, the countries of the Old Continent, without exceptions, must finally realise the fact that decrease in military expanses and treating the USA as a guarantee of European security must come to an end. It is high time Europe took greater responsibility for itself and the world. The potential to achieve this goal is big enough.
PL
Bezpieczeństwo jest dziś słowem-kluczem. Bez jego zagwarantowania nie może być mowy o rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczym państw czy organizacji. Bez niego żaden podmiot nie będzie w stanie sprostać pojawiającym się co chwilę wyzwaniom. I choć świat ulega dynamicznym przeobrażeniom, to jednak wciąż w cenie jest posiadanie realnej siły i zdolności odstraszania potencjalnych nieprzyjaciół. Poprawne lub nawet świetne kontakty gospodarcze nie zastąpią więc sił zbrojnych, silnych przemysłów obronnych czy paktów militarnych. Dlatego państwa Starego Kontynentu, wszystkie bez wyjątku, zdać muszą sobie wreszcie sprawę, że trwające od lat redukowanie wydatków wojskowych i wykorzystywanie USA jako gwaranta europejskiego bezpieczeństwa musi się zakończyć. Czas, by Europa wzięła większą odpowiedzialność za siebie i świat. A potencjał ku temu jest wystarczający.
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