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EN
Russified words concerning army field have been presented in the given article. They were excerpted from “Tygodnik Ilustrowany”. The author explores all annuals of the questioned newspaper, namely the period 1918–1939. She tried to interpret in a semantic way the collected lexical russicisms in respect of their definitions in definitional dictionaries of Polish language, in etymological dictionaries and in other sources. The following topic groups concerning the army were distinguished taking into consideration the noted lexicon, topic groups differing as far as the meaning is concerned: weapon names, military reinforcement, divisions and subdivisions, rank and military occupational specialty, soldiers designation and armies names. Formal and semantic borrowings dominated in the field. Word-formative calques were found on the second place. Semantic calques represented the smallest group.
EN
The paper is based on an analysis of names of aviation vehicles included in the Wojskowy słowniczek lotniczy polsko-francusko-niemiecko-rosyjski (Military Polish–French–German–Russian aviation glossary), published in 1922. The lexemes are examined in terms of the origin (whether they are loan-words or of Polish origin) and their structure in order to determine the rules underlying this linguistic process. Extralinguistic factors and events are also taken into consideration in the analysis, e.g. the development of Polish aviation, the social tendencies in the 1920s, conditions of military service.
XX
This paper adopts the notion of metaphostruction (Wiliński 2015), the conceptual theory of metaphor (Kӧvecses 2002) and the corpus-based method geared specifi cally for investigating the interaction between target domains and the source domain lexemes that occur in them. The method, referred to as metaphostructional analysis (Wiliński 2015), is used to determine the degree of association between the target domain of business and the source domain lexemes derived from military terminology. The results of the metaphostructional analysis reveal that there are indeed war terms that demonstrate strong or loose associations with the target domain of business, and that these instantiate different metaphorical mappings.
EN
The article highlights the issue of teaching English military terminology in uniformed classes. It draws the conclusions on conducting authorial military terminology syllabus in one of the schools carrying out the pedagogical innovation, which has assumed patronage of Polish Air Force Academy (PAFA). Military classes gained a huge popularity, having met the youth’s interest in armed forces they became a key element in national defense education.
Językoznawstwo
|
2022
|
vol. 17
|
issue 2
81-91
EN
The paper deals with the issue of military language from the point of view of translation studies. This paper conducts a contrastive analysis of selected terms from the military part of the Polish Penal Code with equivalents used in three translations of code into German. The aim of the study is to assess what equivalents were used and what translation strategies were employed. This will make it possible to assess whether translations of the Polish Penal Code into German are a valuable tool for the translator.
PL
Niniejszy artykuł zajmuje się problematyką terminologii militarnej z punktu widzenia przekładoznawstwa. W artykule przeprowadzona została analiza kontrastywna wybranych terminów pochodzących z części wojskowej polskiego kodeksu karnego oraz ekwiwalentów zastosowanych w trzech tłumaczeniach kodeksu na język niemiecki. Celem badania jest ocena użytych ekwiwalentów oraz zastosowanych strategii tłumaczeniowych. Pozwoli to ocenić, czy tłumaczenia polskiego kodeksu karnego na język niemiecki są wartościowym narzędziem pracy tłumacza.
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