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Przyczynek do studium nad determinantami mitów politycznych w regionie Afryki Subsaharyjskiej

100%
Gierszewska W.
Studia Gdańskie. Wizje i rzeczywistość
|
2017
|
vol. Tom 14
357-367
EN
The political space of sub-Saharan Africa in terms of the sphere of myths, symbols and rituals that fill it is extremely vivid. In the perspective of contemporary civilization changes, media have a special power to create new myths. They are communicators that give form to collective elation and experiences. In the face of media dominance over the public sphere, the contemporary political scene of sub-Saharan Africa develops a catalog of symbols, ritual proceedings, desirable and accepted by local societies. Nowadays in sub-Saharan Africa, as in other parts of the world, many of the forms of social con-sciousness that have been mystified have gained the status of political myths, including the myth of “politics as the sphere of rational choices”, “developing society”, “demo-cratic state”, “good leader”, “peace”, “friendship”, “the enemy”, “new era”. Until recently, in the region's communities, customs and rituals from the sphere of interest in cultural anthropology regulated almost all aspects of the functioning of social groups. Currently, they are no longer a cultural whole, but a set of images manipulated accord-ing to needs. The new sphere of myths is a model for the behavior and collective think-ing of societies. Replacing political discourse, it is a tool in the pursuit of power, the essence of which is the domination over collective consciousness.
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Rocznicowe rytuały smoleńskie w perspektywie neodurkheimizmu

80%
Kołodziejczak M.
Przegląd Politologiczny
|
2015
|
issue 2
147-159
EN
The paper discusses a relatively new political phenomenon, that is the rituals of Smoleńsk anniversaries. The author applies anthropological and hermeneutic tools of analysis for the purposes of political science and founds her study on the fundamental thesis posed by Durkheim, that there exist two separate dimensions of reality – sacrum and profanum. The ritual under analysis is commemorative in nature, therefore it is constructed and practiced in the dimension of the sacrum. A certain dramaturgical framework is constructed which allows time and space to be separated from everyday life and encompass symbolic content, serving the purpose of the creation and transmission of new mythic constructs and the transfer of charisma.
PL
Artykuł dotyczy stosunkowo nowego zjawiska politycznego, jakim są rocznicowe rytuały smoleńskie. Autorka adoptując na użytek politologii antropologiczne i hermeneutyczne narzędzia analizy, opiera badania na fundamentalnej tezie Durkheima o istnieniu dwóch odrębnych porządków rzeczywistości- sacrum i profanum.  Analizowany rytuał  ma charakter komemoratywny, dlatego jest on konstruowany i praktykowany w porządku sacrum.  Budowane są specjalne ramy dramaturgiczne, które pozwalają wydzielić ten czas i przestrzeń z życia codziennego oraz wpisać w owe ramy treści symboliczne, za pomocą których tworzy się i transmituje nowe konstrukty mityczne oraz dokonuje się sukcesja charyzmy. 
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