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This paper focuses on the two most widely used universalist approaches that attempt to present a unified account of the Spanish subjunctive. Both Vesterinen’s and Ruiz Campillo’s concepts are based on principles of cognitive linguistics and represent two largely contradictory ways to define a unified principle for the use of a particular verbal form: from an abstract principle to usage and from concrete linguistic manifestations to the search for an underlying function. This paper contrasts the two theories and points out their strengths and weaknesses. We conclude that an uncontroversial universalist theory describing all uses of the Spanish subjunctive has not yet been developed in linguistics; rather both theories are a tool to illustrate how complex and difficult it is to analyse the phenomenon of mood choice.
EN
This grammaticographic study deals with the communicative function of sentences and modality from a Czech-German contrastive perspective. The object under scrutiny is František Štícha’s CzechGerman Contrastive Grammar (2nd edition, 2015), one of the milestones of Czech-German contrastive linguistic analysis. The study focuses mainly on greeting formulas, modi, modal verbs, modal words and modal particles. It adresses the question as to how deficiences identified in the description of these phenomena in Czech-German Contrastive Grammar could be remedied. Crucially, special attention is devoted to the user aspect.
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