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Culture and transcendence

100%
Tarasti E.
Interdisciplinary Studies in Musicology
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2015
|
issue 14
221-248
PL
Culture can be approached from an existential semiotic point of view in many ways. The following results can be then obtained: The new notion which the Existential semiotic theory of culture (ESC) tries to launch is transcendence. The ESC theory is an attempt to see and analyse issues from the inside, using a model called Zemic which refers to four modes of Being. It deals with agency like any cultural theory, but now behind the theory is the idea of a subject as a transcendental ego, who is capable of pursuing acts, making choices and enjoying freedom. The theory of ESC can be tested by empirical cases of cultural life and history such as studies in cultural heritage. The theory is non deterministic. There is “linguistic turn” in the sense that a new metalanguage is elaborated to deal with transcultural, supra-rational and metacultural issues. Formal language is used to some extent, stemming from the semiotic square, deontic logic and the grammar of modalities. The proper philosophical style is that of the continental and speculative theory, yet the ESC theory is not any regress in the history of philosophy. ESC theory is non-reductionist, i.e. it emphasizes the phenomena as such.
2

A REPORT OF SEXUAL MEANINGS: SEXUAL DISTURBANCES FROM A COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE

100%
Lukács E.
Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)
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2011
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vol. 66
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issue 1
109-120
EN
The disturbances of the cognitive organisation have a high importance in the pathogenesis of sexual dysfunctions thereby as a special meaning attribution ways shape the sexual self-definition and play a mediatory role in creating physiological, affective and behavioral responses. In the sexual information process the activation of culturally influenced sexual scripts and myths has a crucial importance as well as dysfunctional sexual attitudes, schemas, and action modalities.
3
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Levels of modalization in existential and transcendental analysis: The matter of being-in-self

86%
Rosato P.
Interdisciplinary Studies in Musicology
|
2015
|
issue 14
206-220
PL
This essay reflects on some applications of Eero Tarasti’s existential semiotics to music analysis, starting from the asymmetry that marks the categories of “myself’ and “itself’. If it seems evident that we can know the musical being-in-itself, that is topics, norms, forms, and so on, we can wonder if and how we can know the being-in-myself, that is the pure kinetic energy before that it has token any kind of forms. As it is for Schopenhauer’s “Wille”, that firstly becomes objective as Platonic ideas, and secondly as spatio-temporal-causal natural realm; musical energy or “being-in myself’ takes shape firstly as virtual deep-level-figures, and secondly as spatio-temporal-actorial situations, within which being-for-myself struggles with the being-for-itself. Modalities (will, must, can, know) operate in both these two levels of taking shape, but at the first level we have to look for a transcendental musical subject, not characterized by specific historical and cultural features. Then, I introduce the notion of homeostasis, that is the principle that “regulates the global process of breaking away from an original state of rest or balance, and of the subsequent restoration of that balance”. Homeostasis allows us to analyze musical modalization at a deep level, where the transcendental subject takes the form of the being-in-itself. But the research of a transcendental subject is slightly different to that of the Moi, within which the being-in-myself is situated. To analyze the being-in-myself of an individual musical subject, we adopt a less universal homeostasis, that is a specific way to convey musical energy (melodic, harmonic, rhythmic, agogic, and so on) proper of Western music. So doing, I claim that one cannot recognize the first four measures of Beethoven’s Piano Sonata op. 7 as “the moment of Being-in-myself in all of its immediacy” as Tarasti does. Being-in-myself has to be examined in a different light.
4
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On the Philosophical-Logical Views of Ludwik Borkowski

72%
CZERNECKA-REJ B.
Roczniki Filozoficzne
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2018
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vol. 66
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issue 2
149-171
PL
Dzięki zdobytej wiedzy filozoficznej Ludwik Borkowski widział problemy formalne w szer­szym kontekście. Był w uprawianiu logiki kontynuatorem tradycji szkoły lwowsko-warszawskiej. Podejmował problemy podstawowe dla szeroko pojętej logiki oraz mające doniosłe konsek­wen­cje filozoficzne, np. logiki nieklasyczne, teoria prawdy, metoda założeniowa, teoria konsekwen­cji, teoria definicji. Dbał o intuicyjną interpretację swych wyników logicznych, a samą logikę traktował jako naukę autonomiczną, która ma pełnić funkcję służebną wobec innych nauk. Choć nie pisał typowych dzieł filozoficzno-logicznych, dociekanie filozoficznych źródeł, inspiracji i kon­sekwencji wyników logiki towarzyszyło mu przez cały czas twórczej aktywności.
EN
Ludwik Borkowski’s vast knowledge of philosophy allowed him to put his logical studies in a philosophical context. As a logician, he continued the tradition of the Lvov-Warsaw school. He dealt with the basic issues of the widely understood logic as well as with those having strong philosophical implications (e.g. non-classical logics, the theory of truth, natural deduction, the theory of consequence). He also worked on the theory of definition and the intuitive interpre­tation of logical results. For Borkowski, logic was an autonomous science whose function is supposed to be ancillary towards the other sciences. Although he did not write any typical philo­sophical-logical works, investigating philosophical sources, inspirations and the implications of logi­cal results was something he did throughout the whole period of his creative activity.
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