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Polonia Sacra
|
2022
|
vol. 26
|
issue 4
29-46
EN
The article deals with the use of models in contemporary theology. The first part of the considerations concerns the methodological issues of organizing knowledge in the form of models. Particular attention was paid to the similarities and differences between theology and other sciences. The second part of the article relates the general considerations to specific types of theological models. In turn: models of the Trinity, soteriological models and the nuptial model have been characterized from the perspective of their methodological challenges. The conducted analysis made it possible to notice both the advantages and limitations of the use of these models in theology, seeing, however, the potential for development. Their comparison also provided an initial perspective of responding to the methodological challenges of contemporary theology - primarily in the aspect of organizing and expressing theological knowledge.
PL
Artykuł podejmuje temat stosowania modeli we współczesnej teologii. Pierwsza część rozważań dotyczy metodologicznych kwestii związanych z organizowaniem wiedzy w formie modeli. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na podobieństwa i różnice pomiędzy teologią i innymi naukami. Druga część artykułu odnosi te rozważania o ogólniejszym charakterze do konkretnych rodzajów modeli teologicznych. Kolejno: modele trynitarne, modele soteriologiczne oraz model nupcjalny zostały scharakteryzowane z perspektywy metodologicznych wyzwań jakie ze sobą niosą. Przeprowadzona analiza pozwoliła dostrzec zarówno zalety, jak i ograniczenia stosowania tych modeli w teologii, widząc jednak ich potencjał. Ich porównanie dało także wstępną perspektywę odpowiedzi na wyzwania metodologicznej współczesnej teologii – przede wszystkim w aspekcie organizowania i wyrażania wiedzy teologicznej.
EN
Four kinds of research are conducted in pastoral theology: monodisciplinary, multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary and intradisciplinary. The first kind is characterized by a common aim and a common method, the second – by a common aim and different methods, the third one – by different aims and different methods, and the fourth one – by a common aim and different methods. Multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary and intradisciplinary research is necessary for modern theology, but to conduct it, excellent qualifications of a theologian-pastoralist are necessary. The paradigm of pastoral theology is based on practical syllogism. In the construction of this syllogism the major premise contains the norms for the given problem, and the minor premise contains the analysis of actual reality; and the conclusion has a normative and actual character. At every stage of research of the paradigm of pastoral theology different working methods are used. At the first (ecclesiological) research stage of the pastoral theology the paradigm the deductive method is used, but also the comparative method, the positive method, exegesis, interpretation of the text, analogy, etc. At the second (kairological) research stage the historical-theological method is used, the sociological-theological method, methods used in empirical sciences, as well as observations, interviews, surveys, and studies based on a questionnaire. In studies based on documents historical methods are used, the method of source criticism and interpretation, the comparative method, analysis of the text, etc. At the third (praxeological) research stage of the pastoral theology paradigm the method of synthesis, the method of interpretation, the method of classification, etc. are used.
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