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1

Mодуляция как переводческая трансформация

100%

Гочев (Gochev) Г. G., Великотырновский университет им. Кирилла и Мефодия (Болгария)

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Linguistica Rossica

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2012

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vol. 08

EN

Modulation is a process which involves changing the informative parameters of the source language word. The concrete manifestation of this transformation is the act of replacing the source language words with equivalents unrelated to the systematic regularities of lexis and as such they might a) have relevance to these regularities, i.e. the equivalent exhibits a semantic or associative link with the source language word, or b) not have relevance to these regularities, i.e. the equivalent does not exhibit a semantic or associative link with the source language word, but its use is justified by extralinguistic factors (e.g. logical reasoning or a concrete situation).

2

Road Safety on the Example of Wireless Services – Case Study

75%

Lizakowski P.

Polish Political Science Yearbook

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2023

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issue 2(52)

185-210

EN

The paper considers organising wireless access in vehicular environments. Such environments are normally affected by Doppler effects, so the IEEE 802.11p standard is expected to ensure an appropriate quality of service for moving objects. Theoretically, the IEEE 802.11p standard compensates for Doppler effects, but it should be ascertained whether 802.11p is still efficient at tiny Doppler shifts and when an object moves at higher speeds. The 802.11p link provides a data rate which is twice as low for 802.11a. Thus, an end-to-end simulation is carried out for the links at wide ranges of signal-to-noise ratio by varying the Doppler shift from 0 Hz to 100 Hz. The simulation also involves 8 modulation types for 128-, 512-, and 1024-bit packet transmissions to cover all possible study cases. The efficiency criterion is the packet-error rate, to which the data rate is additionally considered. The main simulation result is that the 802.11p link is efficient only at not high speeds. The packet length should be shortened to suppress the influence of the object’s speed. Therefore, to enable high-quality wireless access in vehicular environments, a combination of the 802.11p and 802.11a links should be used, where phase shift keying is more effective for 802.11a and quadrature amplitude modulation is more effective for 802.11p. The trade-off herein is a data rate versus margin speed.

3

Contextualism, Pragmatics and Definite Descriptions

75%

Vignolo M.

Lodz Papers in Pragmatics

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2011

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vol. 7

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issue 2

291-307

EN

Very few philosophers and linguists doubt that definite descriptions have attributive uses and referential uses. The point of disagreement concerns whether the difference in uses is grounded on a difference in meaning. The Ambiguity Theory holds while the Implicature Theory denies that definite descriptions are ambiguous expressions, having an attributive meaning and a referential meaning. Contextualists have attempted to steer between the Ambiguity Theory and the Implicature Theory. I claim that the early contextualist account provided by Recanati and Bezuidehnout based on the idea that definite descriptions are semantically underdetermined and in need of a completion from the contextually available information through an optional top-down pragmatic process suffers from an explanatory gap.

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1 Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Linguistica Rossica

1 Lodz Papers in Pragmatics

1 Polish Political Science Yearbook

1 Lizakowski P.

1 Vignolo M.

1 Великотырновский университет им. Кирилла и Мефодия (Болгария)

1 Гочев (Gochev) Г. G.

1 2023

1 2012

1 2011

Mодуляция как переводческая трансформация

Road Safety on the Example of Wireless Services – Case Study

Contextualism, Pragmatics and Definite Descriptions