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Moral Competence and Foundations of Moral Judgment. An Empirical Exploration of Concepts and New Possibilities for Understanding

100%

Popoveniuc B.

Ethics in Progress

2021

vol. 12

issue 1

39-58

The present study examines the relation between the moral intuitions proposed by the ‘Moral Foundations Theory’ according to J. Haidt and the moral orientations in relation with moral competence, as described by the ‘Dual-Aspect Model of Moral Behaviour’ according to G. Lind. It is an empirical exploration of the relation between the five foundational domains (and/or the corresponding two higher-order clusters) and the moral orientations, as this results from the theoretical assumptions of both theories, and the influence on and of the moral competence on these aforementioned relations. The shared affective and, at the same time, habitual characteristics of moral intuitions and moral orientations, although based on different theories (intuitionism, respectively, cognitivism) should converge in a dynamic relationship. The basic motivation is the need to overcome the affective-cognitive disjunction in the study of moral judgment, which is artificial. The human (moral) reasoning is always a situated and situating one, in a symbolic narrative universe, in which the cognitive-affective dichotomy forms a dynamic unity. This overstated dichotomy is only a methodological necessity, but unfortunately hypostasized in an explanatory mechanism that leads to the impermissible simplification of the phenomenon that it seeks to understand. The empirical results confirm the limits of both cognitive and intuitions paradigms and advocates for a more nuanced and dynamic approach in understanding the moral judgment within a more comprehensive conception on human personality. Finally, the implications for the contemporary psychology’ paradigm are discussed.

Moral Attitudes in Poland: “Towards”, “Away” and “Against People” – Socio-Cultural Determinants and Religious Implications. Based on European Values Study 2017

72%

Szczygielski D.

Roczniki Nauk Społecznych

2023

vol. 51

issue 3

143-164

Na podstawie dostępnych badań można stwierdzić, że zaufanie instytucjonalne może stanowić istotny predyktor prospołeczności. Głównym celem niniejszego opracowania jest zbadanie współzależności pomiędzy typami zaufania a typami orientacji moralnych „do”, „od” i „przeciw” ludziom. Kolejnym celem jest także określenie współzależności pomiędzy zaufaniem instytucjonalnym a orientacjami moralnymi z uwzględnieniem takich zmiennych, jak religijność, wykształcenie i wielkość miejscowości zamieszkania. W artykule zaprezentowano analizę, która pozwala uznać zaufanie interpersonalne oraz zaufanie instytucjonalne za alternatywne (potencjalnie konkurencyjne) predyktory orientacji moralnych w porównaniu do innych bardziej ugruntowanych czynników, tj. religijność. Wyniki badań pozwalają stawiać pytanie o przyszłość religii w stabilnych i demokratycznych społeczeństwach, której rola i funkcje mogą być kwestionowane.

According to the latest research institutional trust may serve as a significant predictor of prosociality. The main purpose of this article is to examine types of trust as predictors of moral attitudes “towards”, “away” and “against” people. Another aim is to examine institutional trust as a predictor of moral attitudes in correlation to other significant predictors, like religiousness, education and size of town. This paper presents analysis in the course of which interpersonal and institutional trust has been confirmed as alternative (potentially competing) predictors of moral attitudes than other established variables, e.g., religiousness. Presented findings allow to pose the question about the future of religion in stable, democratic societies.

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1 Ethics in Progress

1 Roczniki Nauk Społecznych

1 Popoveniuc B.

1 Szczygielski D.

1 2023

1 2021

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Moral Competence and Foundations of Moral Judgment. An Empirical Exploration of Concepts and New Possibilities for Understanding

Moral Attitudes in Poland: “Towards”, “Away” and “Against People” – Socio-Cultural Determinants and Religious Implications. Based on European Values Study 2017