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Czasowe zajęcie zabytku ruchomego. Uwagi de lege lata i de lege ferenda

100%
Sierzputowski B.
Studia Prawnicze
|
2017
|
issue 4 (212)
75-91
PL
This article provides an in-depth analysis of the problem of the temporary seizure of a movable monument in the Polish law. One of the purposes of this text is to prove that the institution of the temporary seizure of a movable monument is an example of the measure of a conservation supervision with one of the highest levels of interference in the ownership of monument in the Polish legal system. Currently the issues related to the temporary seizure of a movable monument are regulated by the act on the protection and guardianship of monuments. The first legal act which regulated these issues was the decree of the Regency Council on the protection of monuments of art and culture of 31 October 1918. The analysis of the historical legal acts, as well as legal acts in force, proved that temporary seizure of a monument resulted in a temporary loss of possession and use of a particular monument. However, this measure of a conservation supervision is not an ultima ratio measure, which deprives the ownership of movable monument in a complete manner.
2

Historical Component Parts and Movable Appurtenances of Monuments. The Object of the Entry in the Register of Monuments – Notes De Lege Lata and De Lege Ferenda

81%
Drela M.
Roczniki Nauk Prawnych
|
2017
|
vol. 27
|
issue 3 English Online Version
25-43
EN
This article seeks to analyse the provisions of the Polish Act on the protection and care of monuments related to movable monuments in the context of the object of entry in the register of monuments under the currently applicable law, taking into consideration the provisions of the Polish Civil Code related to movable things. The Author presents a discussion of the status of a movable object under civil law as a self-contained thing, a component part or appurtenance of another thing in order to show the difference between a movable monument and a component part of an immovable monument. Currently, this distinction is particularly problematic in practice regarding the registration of sacred art monuments, constituting the equipment or decorations of churches. The practice of entering wall decorations and other flat surfaces of buildings in the register of movable monuments is not consistent with the law. Instead, these should be captured as permanent equipment of immovable monuments (which applies mainly to churches) in one entry – as component parts or appurtenances attached to the immovable monument. The remarks formulated by the Author may serve as the basis for further legislative work with respect to proposed content of legal provisions of the act on the protection and care of monuments. The final part concerns the way of protecting folklore (intangible cultural heritage) by entering movable assets in the register of monuments along with an immovable monument as movable things conceived as appurtenances of a particular place.
3
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Glosa do wyroku Trybunału Konstytucyjnego z dnia 25 maja 2016 r. (sygn. akt Kp 2/15)

70%
Sierzputowski B.
Przegląd Sejmowy
|
2018
|
issue 4(147)
145–154
EN
The commentary refers to the judgment of the Constitutional Tribunal of 25 May 2016 (ref. no. Kp 2/15), in which the Tribunal decided that Article 1 para. 6 and Article 1 para. 20 subpara. b of the Act of 10 July 2015, in the scope in which they establish the new form of protecting movable monuments (inscribed on the List of Heritage Treasures) and the institution of expropriation of movable monuments inscribed on the List, are consistent with Article 2, Article 21 para. 2, Article 31 para. 3 and Article 64 paras. 1 and 3 of the Constitution. The commentary contains an attempt at a broad analysis of the problem of expropriation of movable monuments under Polish law. The discussed judgment contributes to the development of the Polish monument protection law and provides arguments in favor of limiting property rights. Since 2003 the institution of expropriation of movable monuments (inscribed on the List of Heritage Treasures) has not been appealed to the Constitutional Tribunal. Hence, the judgment of 25 May 2016 shall be considered a precedent.
4

Zabytkowe części składowe i przynależności a przedmiot wpisu do rejestru zabytków – uwagi de lege lata i de lege ferenda

58%
Drela M.
Roczniki Nauk Prawnych
|
2017
|
vol. 27
|
issue 3
27-46
PL
Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu analizę przepisów ustawy o ochronie zabytków i opiece nad zabytkami dotyczących zabytków ruchomych w kontekście przedmiotu wpisu do rejestru zabytków według obecnie obowiązującego stanu prawego, z uwzględnieniem przepisów Kodeksu cywilnego dotyczących rzeczy ruchomych. Autorka przedstawia rozważania na temat statusu rzeczy ruchomej w prawie cywilnym jako rzeczy samoistnej, części składowej lub przynależności innej rzeczy w celu ukazania różnicy pomiędzy zabytkiem ruchomym a częścią składową zabytku nieruchomego. Obecnie rozróżnienie to jest szczególnie problematyczne w praktyce w obszarze wpisu do rejestru zabytków sztuki sakralnej stanowiącej wyposażenie lub ozdoby świątyń. Nie jest zgodna z prawem praktyka wpisywania zdobień ścian i innych płaszczyzn budynków do rejestru zabytków ruchomych, lecz należałoby je ujmować jako wyposażenie stałe zabytków nieruchomych (co dotyczy głównie świątyń) jednym wpisem – jako części składowych lub przynależności łącznie z zabytkiem nieruchomym. Sformułowane uwagi mogą być podstawą do dalszych prac legislacyjnych w zakresie propozycji treści przepisów prawnych ustawy o ochronie zabytków i opiece nad zabytkami. Końcowa część artykułu dotyczy ochrony folkloru (niematerialnego dziedzictwa kulturowego) poprzez wpis zabytków ruchomych do rejestru zabytków łącznie z zabytkiem nieruchomym jako rzeczy ruchomych stanowiących przynależności określonego miejsca.
EN
In this article the author analyses the provisions of the Polish Law on the protection of monuments and care for monuments related to movable monuments in the context of the object of registration in the register of monuments according to the current law, taking into also account provisions of the Civil Code on movable property. The author presents a discussion of the status of a movable object in civil law as a separate single item, fixtures in the building (component item), or appurtenances, in order to show the difference between a movable monument and a part of a immovable property. Currently, this distinction is particularly problematic in practice in the area of the registration of monuments of art decoration of sacred buildings (churches, temples). It is not in accordance with the Polish law The practice to enter decorations of walls and other facades of buildings into the register of movable monuments is not legitimate, instead they should be regarded as permanent facilities of immovable monuments (mainly the temples) covered with one entry – as fixtures or appurtenances of historical immovable property. The author’s remarks may serve as a basis for further legislative work on the proposal for the content of the law on the protection of monuments and the protection of monuments. The final part of the article concerns the protection of folklore (intangible cultural heritage) with the entry of movable monuments into the register of immovable monuments (buildings) as movables appurtenances belonging – due to the tradition and their function – to a particular place.
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