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1

Patnáct let studií komunálních voleb

100%

Ryšavý D.

Politologická revue (Czech Political Science Review)

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2017

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issue 2

115-132

EN

This review article compares four edited monographs that represent a core of municipal election studies in the Czech Republic. Most Czech political scientists didn’t pay attention to elections in the local political arena before 2002 when the fourth elections after the renewal of local government in 1990 were held. Earlier monographs were largely indebted to data gathered by the Czech Statistical Office. Their authors usually commented on data on an aggregated level and prepared case studies of chosen municipalities that included: a description of election campaigns, an analysis of programmatic statements and the role of coalition bargaining. Recently political scientists have been able to gather more comprehensive datasets which have in turn allowed them to apply more sophisticated analytical techniques. Moreover, political scientists can now include data from almost every municipality in the Czech Republic which has, in turn, allowed them to identify the size of the municipality (both geographically and in terms of voters) as a key independent variable. In this way a highly fragmented territorial structure is better represented than in older works. Finally, the political, personal and career profiles of mayors have begun to appear as a new topic in recent publications. The challenge for the future is how to address not only domestic but foreign audiences too.

2

Nové volby do zastupitelstev obcí v evropské perspektivě

88%

Krpálková S.

Politologická revue (Czech Political Science Review)

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2020

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vol. 26

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issue 2

79-104

EN

Legislation on new municipal elections varies significantly across Europe. In some countries, the situation is solved in such a way that if there is no alternate for the vacant mandate, the mandate remains vacant and new elections for the whole council are held only in a situation where it is no longer possible to manage the municipality due to a decrease in council members. Th ere are also states in which only vacant seats are filled in new elections. The absence of legislative regulation of the institute of new elections in electoral laws is no exception. Legislative rules for holding new elections in the Czech Republic are different from those in other European countries, and perhaps because of them the number of municipalities where new elections are held repeatedly is constantly growing. The aim of this article is to provide comprehensive information on the legislative regulation of new elections in selected European countries and simultaneously bring the contrast between selected European countries legislative settings closer regarding other factors.

3

Volební násilí a státní moc. Obecní volby v Českých Budějovicích 1901–1906

88%

Klečacký M.

Historie – Otázky – Problémy (History, Issues, Problems)

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2014

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vol. 6

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issue 1

82-105

EN

This study focuses on electoral manipulation as exemplified by the municipal elections in České Budějovice. The spotlight is not just on the electoral campaign itself, but also on the reaction of the state authorities to attempts made by the ruling party to influence the number of voters in various ways in order to take control of the town in subsequent electoral periods.

4

The Mayor of a Municipality – Competences, Qualifications, Current Status in the Slovak Republic

75%

Kováčová E.

Przegląd Politologiczny

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2018

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issue 3

119-134

EN

The mandatory authorities – the municipal office and the mayor of the municipality – play an irreplaceable role at the municipal level. Both bodies are elected. These authorities influence the direction of municipal development in the upcoming term of office, the municipal representatives’ protection of citizens’ needs and interests as well as fulfilment of the tasks and obligations imposed by the law. The main aim of the article is to clarify the importance and seriousness of the mayor as the highest representative of the municipal government in the Slovak Republic. Another aim is to present new realities connected with the mayor’s office as well as new requirements associated with it.

5

Individuální charakteristiky kandidátů ve volbách do zastupitelstev obcí a jejich vliv na volební výsledky

75%

Bernard J.

Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

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2012

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vol. 48

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issue 4

613–640

EN

The article discusses the role of the personal characteristics of candidates in municipal elections as important factors infl uencing the candidates’ election success. Voters lacking suffi cient or relevant information about the candidates and their political preferences can use knowledge of the candidates’ personal characteristics as specifi c cues or shortcuts in their choice. On the other hand, the candidates’ personal characteristics are the private resources they can use to infl uence the chance to getting elected. The article uses a logistic regression to analyse the impact of candidates’ personal characteristics on their electoral success in Czech municipal elections. A list of all candidates in the elections was used, including information about their sociodemographic and political characteristics and their election results. First examined is how a candidate’s ranking on the list of candidates can depend on his or her personal characteristics. Second, how a candidate’s election success can depend on his or her position on the list of candidates and on his or her personal characteristics is analysed. The list of candidates for the 2010 elections was combined with lists of candidates for several previous elections in order to investigate the infl uence of incumbency. The results suggest that incumbency is the dominant independent factor explaining the election success of individual candidates, yet other characteristics, such as sex, education, age or membership in political parties are important as well. In small municipalities, the situation differs in some aspects from that in cities.

6

Rola komitetów partyjnych i niepartyjnych w kreowaniu burmistrzów i prezydentów miast – przykład województwa zachodniopomorskiego

63%

Szymański P.

Acta Politica Polonica

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2017

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vol. 42

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issue 4

95-104

EN

Elections to local self-government are, together with the elections to the parliament, a common way of electing representatives of power by the public. In both cases, all actors of the political scene participates equally. Political parties have a definite advantage over nonparty committees in the election to the state organs. On the other hand, the non-party committees gain the greater the more local authority is elected. This is related to the fact that in the lower territorial levels, local party systems reflect the national system only to a limited extent. In Polish realities, in many local government units, party identification does not play a greater role. The aim of the study is to analyze the results of the presidential and mayoral elections of cities in the West Pomeranian voivodeship in the years 2006-2014, in terms of the winners being supported by particular types of election committees. The study was conducted in 65 cities, including three cities with district rights – Szczecin, Koszalin and Świnoujście. In the work in particular will analyze the phenomenon of so-called “multi-term city leaders”, who have held positions for at least three terms, since 2006.

PL

Wybory do samorządu terytorialnego stanowią, wraz z wyborami do parlamentu, powszechny sposób wybierania przedstawicieli władzy przez społeczeństwo. W obu przypadkach, na równych zasadach, mogą brać udział wszyscy aktorzy sceny politycznej. Partie polityczne zdecydowaną przewagę nad komitetami pozapartyjnymi uzyskują w wyborach do organów państwowych. Komitety pozapartyjne zyskują natomiast tym większe znaczenie, im bardziej lokalny jest organ, do którego trwa elekcja. Z powyższym wiąże się to, że na niższych szczeblach terytorialnych lokalne systemy partyjne tylko w ograniczonym stopniu odzwierciedlają system ogólnokrajowy, a w polskich realiach w wielu jednostkach samorządu terytorialnego identyfikacje partyjne nie odgrywają większej roli. Celem pracy jest analiza wyników wyborów prezydentów i burmistrzów miast w województwie zachodniopomorskim w latach 2006–2014, pod kątem udzielanego zwycięskim kandydatom poparcia przez poszczególne rodzaje komitetów wyborczych. Badaniu poddane zostały elekcje w 65 miastach, w tym trzech miastach na prawach powiatu – Szczecinie, Koszalinie i Świnoujściu. W pracy w sposób szczególny przeanalizowano zjawisko tzw. wielokadencyjnych włodarzy, a więc prezydentów i burmistrzów miast, którzy stanowisko piastują od co najmniej trzech kadencji, czyli od 2006 roku.

7

Systemowa specyfika wyborów samorządowych w Polsce

63%

Wojtasik W.

Roczniki Nauk Społecznych

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2013

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vol. 5(41)

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issue 1

53-72

EN

The political system transformation initiated in 1989 brought about dramatic changes in the functioning of local and regional government structures. The dimension of their political and social empowerment manifests itself through their own electoral cycle in the form of local government elections. The article is an attempt to expound the specificity of local elections in Poland. The factors behind this specificity indicate the restoration processes of local government, on-going decentralization processes, active use of mechanisms for implementing local government electoral law and the growing significance of elections at the local and regional level. These features make the local elections stand out from the parliamentary, presidential and European Parliament elections.

8

Glosa do wyroku Trybunału Sprawiedliwości z 9 czerwca 2022 r., w sprawie EP p. Préfet du Gers i Institut National de la Statistique et des Études Économiques (INSEE), C-673/20

63%

Grądzka I.

Przegląd Prawa Konstytucyjnego

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2023

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issue 5(75)

381-386

PL

Glosowany wyrok wydany został przez Trybunał Sprawiedliwości w trybie pytania prejudycjalnego, które zostało zadane w ramach sporu pomiędzy obywatelką Zjednoczonego Królestwa mającą miejsce zamieszkania od 1984 r. we Francji. Na skutek wystąpienia Wielkiej Brytanii z Unii Europejskiej wnioskodawczyni pozbawiona została możliwości głosowania w wyborach do Parlamentu Europejskiego i w wyborach lokalnych na terenie Francji z powodu utraty statusu obywatela Unii Europejskiej. Kwestia sporna dotyczyła obywatelstwa Unii Europejskiej i związanych z nim praw, w tym zakresie praw wyborczych. Trybunał Sprawiedliwości jednoznacznie uznał, że w przypadku wystąpienia państwa członkowskiego z Unii Europejskiej obywatele tego kraju tracą status obywatela unijnego i wszelki przywileje z nim związane.

EN

The commented judgment was formed by the Court of Justice in the term of preliminary ruling, which was asked in the argument between a United Kingdom national who had been resident in France since 1984. As a result of the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union, the applicant was deprived of her right to vote in European Parliament elections and in municipal elections in their Member State of residence during that period. The issue in dispute concerns citizenship of the European Union and the rights associated with it, including electoral rights. The Court of Justice has unequivocally recognised that when a Member State withdraw from the European Union, its citizens lose their status as citizens of the Union and any privileges attached to it.

9

The reasons of invalidity of votes in elections to voivodeship councils in 2014 in the light of the study of voting papers in the National Archive in Kielce

63%

Szczepański D.

Przegląd Prawa Konstytucyjnego

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2016

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issue 6 (34)

361-372

EN

The aim of the article is to present results of the study done on voting papers in the National Archive in Kielce, that concerns the phenomenon and reasons of spoilt votes in the elections to voivodeship councils in 2014. 29 electoral districts that included: 10 districts from the Lesser Poland voivodeship, 7 from the Lublin voivodeship, 6 from Subcarpathian voivodeship and 6 from the Holy Cross voivodeship, were subjected to a de- tailed analysis. Apart from exact indication of the reasons for spoilt votes in elections to voivodeship councils themselves a detailed classification of those votes was done by dividing them into votes with excessive “x” signs, empty votes, votes with other signs than “x”, votes with multiple “x” signs and strikethroughs, protest votes and the so-called different votes. On this basis a description of regional differentiation of those votes was made. The whole study was done within the framework of the research project “Your vote, your choice”, realized by Stefan Batory Foundation in collaboration with the National Electoral Office, the National Election Commission and the Head Office of the State Archives.

PL

Celem artykuły było przedstawienie wyników z przeprowadzonego badania kart wyborczych w Archiwum Państwowym w Kielcach dotyczącego zjawiska i przyczyn głosów nieważnych w wyborach do sejmików województw w 2014 r. Szczegółowej analizie poddano 29 obwodów wyborczych, na które złożyły się: 10 obwodów wyborczych z województwa małopolskiego, 7 z województwa lubelskiego, 6 z województwa podkarpackiego i 6 z województwa świętokrzyskiego. Oprócz szczegółowego wskazania samych powodów nieważności głosów w wyborach do sejmików województw dokonano szczegółowej klasyfikacji tychże głosów z ich podziałem na głosy z nadmiarowymi znakami „x”, głosy puste, głosy stanowiące inny znak niż „x”, głosy z wieloma znakami „x” i przekreśleniami, głosy protestu i tzw. głosy różne. Na tej podstawie dokonano charakterystyki zróżnicowania terytorialnego tych głosów. Całość badania realizowana była w ramach projektu badawczego pt. „Masz Głos, Masz Wybór” zrealizowanego przez Fundację im. Stefana Batorego we współpracy z Krajowym Biurem Wyborczym, Państwową Komisją Wyborczą oraz Naczelną Dyrekcją Archiwów Państwowych.

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Wybory do rady miejskiej w Płocku w latach 1919–1939 (zarys problematyki)

63%

Sokolnicki M.

Notatki Płockie. Kwartalnik Towarzystwa Naukowego Płockiego

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2023

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issue 1(274)

52-82

EN

The article organises the knowledge of successive elections to the city council in Plock from 1919 to 1939, which were held in 1919, 1923, 1924, 1927, 1929, 1930, 1934 and in 1939. It presents the participating electoral committees, the results they obtained, the distribution of councilor seats and the issues of city council elections.

PL

Artykuł porządkuje wiedzę na temat kolejnych wyborów do rady miejskiej w Płocku w latach 1919–1939, które odbyły się w 1919, 1923, 1924, 1927, 1929, 1930, 1934 i 1939 roku. Przedstawia biorące udział w wyborach komitety wyborcze, uzyskane przez nie wyniki, podział mandatów radnych oraz kwestie wyborów władz miasta.

11

Seniorzy i ich problemy w wybranych apelach wyborczych w 2018 roku

63%

Tomaszewska-Hołub B.

Nowa Polityka Wschodnia

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2019

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vol. 2(21)

72-86

EN

In the last 25 years Polish society’s aging process has been intensified what caused a constant growth of the number of people in the age 65 and more. Furthermore, according to demographic prognosis, the share of this age group will be rising in the next years, as well as the role of “silver” electorate. In the local governments selections in 2018 the Elderly were perceived as an important electorate group. Their problems were not ignored and political groups noticed the necessity of winning this group round. In campaigns and election programs candidates focused on the seniors’ needs. The main propositions dealt with safety and health issues, as well as concerns regarding institutional solutions targeted for this group specifically. It can be said the Elderly became one of the most desirable voters next to the Young on Polish political scene.

RU

За последние 25 лет интенсивное старение польского общества привело к неуклонному увеличению числа людей в возрасте 65 лет и старше среди населения Польши. Согласно демографическим прогнозам, доля этой возрастной группы будет продолжать расти, поэтому роль так называемого серебряного электората в ближайшие годы и последующие выборы также увеличатся. Уже на выборах в местные органы власти в 2018 году пожилые люди воспринимались как важная группа избирателей, а избирательные группы отмечали возможность и необходимость завоевания этой группы потенциальных избирателей. Как в предвыборных программах, так и во время избирательной кампании кандидаты сосредоточили свое внимание на потребностях пожилых людей. В основном были подняты лозунги, связанные со здоровьем и безопасностью, а также вопросы, связанные с институциональными потребностями решения проблем этой возрастной группы. Таким образом, можно сказать, что пожилые люди (наряду с молодыми людьми, но с избирательными правами) станут одной из желательных групп избирателей для участников политической сцены в Польше.

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