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Mur ceglany jako przedmiot badań architektonicznych

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Lewicki J.

Ochrona Zabytków

2000

issue 3

252-266

The author presents a critical discussion of methods used in historical-architectonic studies on brick walls upon the basis of heretofore research concerning methods of architectonic investigations, work conducted on the spot, and examples of studies and conservation. The applied methods of architectonic studies were presented from the viewpoint of their usefulness in the practical conservation of architecture. The article considers assorted methods destructive and non-destructive for bricks — historical studies and architectonic, stratigraphie and archaeological investigations. Next, the author analyses the examination of the wall, drawing attention to frequently committed errors, stemming from the accepted method. Emphasis is placed on the necessity of considering the whole face of a brick wall and not only its corners, which was, and continues to be an approach universally applied by certain researchers. The successive analysis focuses on studies of particular bricks, stressing the necessity of suitable examinations of the sizes of bricks, the so-called measurement registration, which consists of comparing and analysing the sizes of the brick (to 12 mm.). An enormous role is played by suitable research on the mutual permeation of the joints, which makes possible a precise determination of the chronology of fragments of the wall. Finally, the article deals with the documentation of the brick wall, stressing the necessity of a meticulous documentation of the entire wall and particular bricks. The summary defines general tendencies in research pertaining to the conservation of brick walls, influenced by the manner of previous architectonic studies. The author accentuates the fact that both in the research, design and execution phase it is possible to make a number of mistakes whose consequence is the destruction of the original form of the wall. This is the reason for the importance of a coordination of particular stages of conservation and the cooperation of properly trained specialists in the course of the entire conservation process, which should be always preceded by precise architectonic studies.

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1 Ochrona Zabytków

1 Lewicki J.

1 2000

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Mur ceglany jako przedmiot badań architektonicznych