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Shiitake mushroom (Lentinus edodes): A poorly known allergen in Western countries responsible for severe work-related asthma

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Pravettoni V., Primavesi L., Piantanida M.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

2014

vol. 27

issue 5

871-874

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the IgE-mediated pathogenesis of severe asthma presented by a patient only after handling shiitake (Lentinus edodes) mushrooms (SM). Material and Methods: Skin tests were performed using in-house extracts from mushrooms that the patient usually handled, i.e., shiitake, porcini, oyster and black fungus mushroom varieties. Specific IgE to champignons and various molds were determined. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) immunoblotting was performed to detect IgE-binding components. Four negative controls were included in the study. Results: Skin prick tests performed with in-house mushroom extracts from varieties other than shiitake were completely negative, in contrast to the positive test obtained for shiitake mushrooms. Serum specific IgE levels for common molds and champignons were all negative. SDS-PAGE revealed many protein bands in the four mushroom extracts. Immunoblotting using the patient’s serum showed allergenic bands at about 15 and 24 kDa exclusively for SM that were not shared with negative controls. Another faint band was detectable at approximately 37 kDa for SM and porcini varieties. Conclusions: Here, we present the first European case of SM-induced occupational asthma, a disease more frequently occurring in Asia. Asthma attacks stopped when the patient avoided contact with shiitake mushrooms. No skin reactions and no IgE-binding proteins by immunoblotting were detectable with the other mushrooms tested. The positive skin test with shiitake mushrooms and IgE-binding components in the shiitake extract confirmed the IgE-mediated etiology of the reaction.

A case of anaphylactic reaction following oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) inhalation

86%

Branicka O., Rozłucka L., Gawlik R.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

2021

vol. 34

issue 4

575-579

Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) is one of the most widely consumed mushrooms in the world. Its spores are highly potent allergens, but their main allergen, Pleo, has so far been very rarely reported. In indoor farms, fungal spores are often found to be floating in the air. This study presents a case of a non-atopic, healthy 32-year-old woman who opened an oyster mushroom farm with her husband. During the first harvest, after 30-minute exposure, she experienced dyspnoea. Similar symptoms occurred several more times while on the farm. A month later, during packing and sorting mushrooms, after 10 min, she again felt dyspnea, accompanied by weakness, rapid pulse, and skin itching with urticaria which occurred on her forearms. Immediately after one of the exposures to oyster mushrooms, spirometry was performed. The results showed a reduced airflow obstruction. Standard skin prick tests with an inhalant and food allergens were also performed – all rendering negative results. The diagnosis also included a prick-to-prick test with oyster mushrooms (a wheal size of 12 mm), this time with a positive result. Increased total IgE (78 iu/ml) in the serum was recorded. On the basis of her medical history, reported symptoms and diagnostic tests, the patient could be diagnosed with occupational anaphylaxis and work-related asthma. A constant exposure of indoor mushroom cultivators to Pleurotus ostreatus spores increases the risk of respiratory allergy development. An environmental monitoring of oyster mushroom spores is reasonable in the industry, as it may prove useful in the prevention of the disease.

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2 International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

1 Branicka O.

1 Gawlik R.

1 Piantanida M.

1 Pravettoni V.

1 Primavesi L.

1 Rozłucka L.

1 2021

1 2014

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Shiitake mushroom (Lentinus edodes): A poorly known allergen in Western countries responsible for severe work-related asthma

A case of anaphylactic reaction following oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) inhalation