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EN
The article attempts to describe the early, pre-opera reception of music written by Władysław Żeleński (1837–1921), one of the most important Polish composers and music educators working in the second half of the nineteenth and early twentieth century. The lower limit of the study period is the first mention of the composer in the press, namely the review of the Piano Sonata Op. 5 by Józef Sikorski (1859). This period ends in the year 1785, just before the premiere of Żeleński’s the first opera, Konrad Wallenrod. The source material was all Polish periodicals of that time, comprised of musical specialized magazines, art magazines, general public magazines and journals (including Cracow’s “Czas”). The aim of the author of this paper was to present the main problems (and their evolution) which occur in Polish critical-thinking about music in the context of Żeleński’s orches-tral works, as well as songs, piano and chamber music. Among these issues, the most important seem to be the reviewers’ attempt (initially tentative) to classify Żeleński by one of the current trends — insert him in the rigid framework of interpretation. The following oppositional categories can be mentioned: technicism and lyricism, talent and genius, youthfulness and maturity, classical and salon music, “national” style and a cosmopolitan one. One of the main issues for critics was to determine the influences in Żeleński’s works, and thus find out the artistic way which he fol-lowed. And here are the most common patterns mentioned by the reviewers: the classic style, the “national” one (in this case his songs were very often evaluated as linked with Stanisław Moniszko’ works) and the New German School. In the critical-thinking of music Żeleński somehow balances between these concepts. The aim of the author of this paper was to highlight the most important arguments that appear in discussions and — additionally — to supplement historiographic base associated with the composer.
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Władysław Żeleński w Pradze

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PL
Artykuł szczegółowo omawia praski okres działalności Władysława Żeleńskiego, jednego z najważniejszych polskich kompozytorów i pedagogów muzycznych drugiej połowy XIX i początku XX w. Autor wyjaśnia m.in. powody wyjazdu Żeleńskiego do Pragi w roku 1859, jak również koncentruje się na jego muzycznej edukacji w tym mieście. Czytelnik zaznajomić się może z kulisami studiów doktorskich Żeleńskiego na Wydziale Filozoficznym Uniwersytetu Karola, jak i jego działalnością w praskim ruchu studenckim. Nadto w porządku chronologicznym przedstawione zostały wszystkie dostępne wzmianki dotyczące działalności twórczej Żeleńskiego w tym okresie – tak powstałych dzieł, jak i koncertów, podczas których były one wykonywane. Przywołane zostają również praskie wydania kompozycji Żeleńskiego oraz głos polskiej fachowej prasy muzycznej, szczególnie relacje korespondentów ze stolicy Czech, m.in. Franciszka Stevicha, a także recenzje utworów Żeleńskiego pióra Józefa Sikorskiego. Na zakończenie poruszona zostaje kwestia obecności Żeleńskiego w czeskim życiu muzycznym już po wyjeździe kompozytora z Pragi, co miało miejsce w roku 1866.
EN
The article extensively discusses the Prague period of the artistic creation of Władysław Żeleński, one of the most important Polish composers and musical educationists of the second half of 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. The author explains, among others, the reasons of Żeleński’s departure for Prague in 1859, and also focuses on his musical education in this city. Readers can have a look behind the scenes of Żeleński’s doctoral studies at the faculty of philosophy at Charles University as well as get to know his activity in Prague student movement. Moreover, the author presents in chronological order all the available mentions concerning creational activity of Żeleński in that period – his works as well as concerts, where the works were performed. There are also recalled Prague publications of Żeleński’s compositions and the voice of Polish professional musical press, especially the reports of correspondents from Prague, among others Franciszek Stevich, and the reviews of Żeleński’s works by Józef Sikorski. Finally, the author raises the issue of Żeleński’s presence in Czech musical life already after his departure from Prague, which took place in 1866.
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