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PL
Alcohol dependence is a chronic disease which damages many systems and organs. The toxic influence of alcohol on the central nervous system leads to the durable reduction of neurons and neural connections in number and size, especially those within the frontal structures, the limbic system, and the cerebellum. These changes result in cognitive impairments, including executive cognitive impairments, memory deficits, and emotional information processing disorder. Cognitive deficits, in turn, affect the way of understanding human reality and the possibility to represent it in language. The diagnosis of speech disorders among alcohol-dependent patients can be accomplished by evaluating their narrative skills. The article contains selected narrative statements of two men maintaining short- and medium-term alcohol abstinence, and the description of the exponents of a particular attitude and neurocompensatory mechanisms.
EN
Alcohol dependence is a chronic disease that causes multi-system and multi-organ damage, including damage to the central nervous system. The toxic effects of alcohol on the brain tissue lead to the development of cognitive and language disorders. The author’s study of language behavior in a group of 15 alcohol-dependent men undergoing alcohol addiction therapy and maintaining abstinence has made it possible to define linguistic strategies to compensate for the disintegration process and to determine the spectrum of language disorders in alcoholism.
PL
Uzależnienie od alkoholu jest przewlekłą chorobą powodującą uszkodzenia wieloukładowe i wielonarządowe, w tym uszkodzenia ośrodkowego układu nerwowego. Toksyczne działanie alkoholu na tkankę mózgową prowadzi do powstawania zaburzeń poznawczych i zaburzeń języka. Przeprowadzone przez autorkę badania zachowań językowych dokonanych poprzez analizę wypowiedzi narracyjnych 15 mężczyzn uzależnionych od alkoholu, poddawanych terapii uzależnienia alkoholowego i zachowujących abstynencję, pozwoliły określić językowe strategie kompensujące proces dezintegracji oraz wyznaczyć spektra zaburzeń językowych w chorobie alkoholowej.
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