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EN
After a brief initial excursus on the topos of illness in literary criticism and the so-called “Narrative Medicine”, I analyse this theme as found in the work of Małgorzata Lebda, and particularly in the collections Matecznik (2016) and Granica lasu (2013), in which the poet tells her personal story, displaying a changing enigmatic nature which is a place of the soul both real and mysterious at the same time. Lebda describes the encounter with the disease in a clear, direct language style and by means of a narrative that gives a therapeutic meaning to her experience, and places it in a natural universe filled with multiple correspondences and resonances. The constant metaphorisation of the poetic images becomes a way to convey evocative, deep emotions which, thus mediated, can express themselves with all their evocative power.
EN
The aim of this article is to present artistic strategies of mediation between non-human nature of SARS-CoV-2 and non-fictional literature, whose authors use narrative structures to express experience of struggling with virus as alienated form of existence. Author of the article describes books written by practicing doctors - Rachel Clarks (Breathtaking. Inside the NHS in a time of pandemic) and Tomasz Rezydent (Invisible Front. Doctor’s Notes from the First Line of Battle with Coronavirus, Fear and Pandemic) using perspective of narrative medicine, which problematizes the ways of communicating illness and suAering. One of the crucial thesis of article considers coronavirus pandemic as important factor in cultural history of breathing, which is transforming from spiritual to post-human interpretation of phenomenon of breath.
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„Pacjent bada lekarza”

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EN
This article discusses the patient-doctor relationship in terms of Rita Charon’s concept of narrative medicine. The discussion is based on an interpretation of Intoxicated by My Illness and Other Writings on Life and Death, a collection of essays written by American writer and literary critic Anatole Broyard after he was diagnosed with prostate cancer. Writing about the ordeals of life and death, the author devoted a lot of attention to his meetings with doctors. Particularly in the essay The Patient Examines the Doctor, he points to a certain power struggle that takes place between the person who is ill and their physician. While physicians are generally believed to be in a privileged position, Broyard argues that they are also subjected to a similar, often equally painful, diagnosis process. His reflections on an ideal doctor (embodied by Oliver Sacks) turn out not to be completely utopian. Confronted with Rita Charon’s theses on narrative medicine, they seem to gain scientific confirmation.
EN
Homo medicus as opposed to Homo patiens, the perspective of a physician will always be different from that of a patient. Modern medicine suffers from a major condition – ignoring the patient as a person. It may be remedied by narrative medicine which pays attention to humanistic aspects of a disease and to patient narratives of illness as a possibility to obtain invaluable information that is typically overlooked in a traditional medical history. Empathy and attentive listening play an important role here. Pathography, or patient accounts of their illnesses, may serve as a perfect complement to the practice and programmes of narrative medicine.
PL
Komentarz wprowadza w problematykę listów, które napisały do Seweryna Gałęzowskiego (1801-1878) dwie jego pacjentki, Anna Laskiewicz i Rozalia z Bispingów Wessel. W tym czasie Gałęzowski przebywał na emigracji w Paryżu, dlatego chore kobiety mogły uzyskać od niego poradę lekarską tylko drogą korespondencyjną. Listy te są godne uwagi jako przykład dziewiętnastowiecznej narracji pacjentów o chorobie, a ponadto jako obraz życia ziemian w zaborze rosyjskim w okresie międzypowstaniowym. Oryginały listów znajdują się w Bibliotece Polskiej w Paryżu.
EN
The commentary gives the feedback to letters written to Seweryn Gałęzowski (1801-1878) by his patients, Anna Laskiewicz and Rozalia Wessel née Bisping. At that time, Gałęzowski was in exile in Paris, so both sick women could obtain medical advice from him only by the correspondence. The letters below are noteworthy as an example of the nineteenth-century narration of patient about the disease, and also as a picture of the life of landowners in the Russian partition of Poland in the inter-uprising period. The original letters are kept in the Polish Library in Paris.
EN
Objective.The paper introduced the concept of narrative sensitivity. The study aimed to identify the facets of narrative sensitivity (NS) in medi-cal students and assess the changes in NS during undergraduate medical education.Methods. A mixed method study was designed to explore NS. Data was collected from a group of students in their second year (N=50) and then in their fifth year (N=42) of their undergraduate education. The data was analysed using thematic analysis in accordance with consensual qualita-tive research. A coding system was developed to identify and refine the facets of NS. The theme frequencies were counted for each year sepa-rately and Fisher’s exact test was conducted to assess the statistical significance of NS change between both years.Results. Nine themes related to NS were identi-fied in the data. The frequency of themes indi-cated a trend towards a decline in NS between the second and fifth years of undergraduate edu-cation. However, the exploratory nature of this study and the small sample size did not allow any definitive conclusions regarding changes over time.Conclusions. The findings raised doubts about the outcome of undergraduate education based on a narrow biomedical perspective. The study supported the arguments for giving emphasis on training of communication skills including nar-rative sensitivity during medical education.
CS
Cíl.Narativní koncept obohatil kromě psycholo-gie a psychoterapie také medicínu. V zahraničí došlo ke vzniku vzdělávacích programů v nara-tivní medicíně zaměřených na rozvoj narativních dovedností u studentů medicíny a začínajících lékařů. V této souvislosti text představuje pojem narativní citlivosti. Cílem explorativní studie bylo identifikování fazet narativní citlivosti u studentů medicíny a posouzení změn v narativní citlivosti u těchto studentů v průběhu pregraduálního studia. Soubor a metody.V rámci smíšené explorativ-ní studie byla od dospělých účastníků výzkumu získána data v podobě písemných výpově-dí v reakci na podnětovou fotografii nejprve ve druhém ročníku pregraduálního studia medi-cíny (N = 50) a posléze v pátém ročníku (N = 42). Data byla analyzovaná metodou tematické analýzy s prvky konsensuálního kvalitativního výzkumu. Byl vytvořen kódovací systém s cí-lem identifikování fazet narativní citlivosti. Čet-nost témat byla kvantifikována v každém roční-ku zvlášť a k posouzení statistické významnosti změny v narativní citlivosti u studentů během tří let studia byl použit Fisherův test. Výsledky.Během textové analýzy bylo identi-fikováno devět témat relevantních ke koncep-tu narativní citlivosti. Četnost témat naznačila pokles narativní citlivosti u studentů medicíny mezi druhým a pátým ročníkem pregraduální-ho studia. Nicméně explorativní design studie a malý soubor neumožnily učinit definitivní závěr týkající se posouzení změny narativní citlivosti v čase.Závěr. Navzdory limitům studie výsledky vyvo-lávají pochybnosti o výsledcích pregraduálního studia medicíny založeném na biomedicínském modelu. Studie podporuje argumenty pro vět-ší důraz na rozvoj komunikačních dovedností včetně narativní citlivosti u budoucích lékařů během studia medicíny.
Dyskurs & Dialog
|
2020
|
vol. II
|
issue 4 (6)
9-22
EN
The article proves the thesis that the time of the pandemic is a great challenge to ask new questions about the most important rules related to sense of our ontological security. The author searches for answers in narrative medicine, unknown in Poland, which demands a radical change in the approach to patients and overcoming stereotypes in the world of doctors. He also accuses the Polish mainstream media of ignoring the voice of patients during the coronavirus epidemic, flooding recipients with soulless data and statistics on the pandemic
PL
Artykuł dowodzi tezy, że czas pandemii jest wyzwaniem pozwalającym stawiać na nowo pytania o najważniejsze reguły związane z naszym poczuciem bezpieczeństwa ontologicznego. Odpowiedzi poszukuje w nieznanej w Polsce medycynie narracyjnej, która domaga się od medyków radykalnej zmiany w podejściu do pacjenta i przełamania obowiązujących w świecie lekarzy stereotypów. Oskarża także polskie media o epatowanie w czasie epidemii koronawirusa statystykami kosztem niedopuszczania do głosu chorych na COVID-19.
EN
The article is an attempt to combine art therapy, especially fairy tale therapy, with narrative medicine. The text also constitutes an introduction to the concept of narrative art therapy proposed by the author. Two case studies are examined in the article in order to demonstrate the benefits arising from the collaboration of a humanist doctor and a bibliotherapist.
PL
Niniejszy artykuł jest próbą połączenia arteterapii, w szczególności baśnioterapii z medycyną narracyjną. Tekst stanowi także wprowadzenie do zaproponowanej przez autorkę koncepcji arteterapii narracyjnej. W artykule omówione zostały dwa studia przypadków mające za zadanie ukazać korzyści wynikające ze współpracy lekarza humanisty z biblioterapeutą.
EN
This article presents autopathography as a genre in which patients can reclaim their voices to articulate their experiences of the medical system, drawing on Arthur Frank’s theory in The Wounded Storyteller. Illness narratives can be understood not only as means of expressing a largely negative experience by way of monologue, but also as platforms for dialogue between patients and their caregivers. Such encounters, albeit seemingly impossible under the conditions of contemporary medical system, have been postulated, among others, by Rita Charon, the founder of narrative medicine. In the text, autobiographical works of Anatole Broyard and Aneta Żukowska are given as examples of patients expressing the need for a sustained, mutual relationship between doctors and their patients. As such, autopathographies can play their part in bringing to life the ideals of narrative medicine, as well as of what S. L. Jain called “elegiaic politics”.
PL
Niniejszy tekst dotyczy autopatografii jako upodmiatawiającej praktyki, która – zgodnie z rozpoznaniami Arthura Franka o przejściu od nowoczesnego do ponowoczesnego doświadczenia choroby – pozwala pacjentom przejąć kontrolę nad narracją o własnym doświadczeniu. Opowieści chorych jawią się nie tylko jako artykulacja negatywnego doświadczenia maladycznego, lecz również jako przestrzeń nawiązywania dialogu między pacjentem a lekarzem. W artykule zostają przywołane autopatografie Anatole’a Broyarda oraz Anety Żukowskiej jako teksty, w których potrzeba takiego dialogu zostaje zasygnalizowana oraz spełniona. Książka Żukowskiej jest analizowana jako przykład realizacji sformułowanych przez Ritę Charon postulatów medycyny narracyjnej oraz zaproponowanej przez Sarah L. Jain polityki elegijnej, które to koncepcje niosą potencjał zreformowania systemu opieki medycznej oraz detabuizacji doświadczenia maladycznego.
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