The latest National Population Census in Poland, like in many EU countries, was conducted in 2021. In Ukraine, during the entire period of independence, a national census was conducted only once, in 2001, while the following rounds kept being postponed. In 2019, a trial census was conducted in several regions of central Ukraine. The working hypothesis is that for the organisation and conduct of the All-Ukrainian Population Census in Ukraine, it is important to use the experience of EU countries in this field (and Poland’s experience in particular). The purpose of the article is to substantiate the theoretical foundations and comparative analysis of the processes of conducting censuses in Poland and Ukraine and to study the factors of increasing the level of respondent participation. The article reviews a number of socio-economic factors in the light of the comparison of data census organisation in Poland and Ukraine. Several international indicators were investigated that could have an impact on respondent participation in statistical surveys and censuses. By applying factor analysis, it was possible to identify the factors that could increase the level of respondent participation. To solve these demographic challenges, the following activity should be considered: financial support for the successful functioning of economic entities, improvement of social infrastructure, friendly environment for innovation and investment, and peace and political stability in Ukraine.
The 2002 Polish National Census has shown that Belarusian minority in Poland consists of nearly 50,000 members. Although, the exact determination of number of Belarusians in Poland is diffi cult, because of various historical, social and economical reasons, which cause that open declarations of Belarusian identity are not common among the Belarusians. Traditional identifying Belarusian nationality with Orthodox Christianity should be considered with caution, because relatively small amount of Orthodox population in the eastern part of Bialystok region decided to declare other than Polish nationality.
PL
Narodowy Spis Powszechny z 2002 roku wykazał, iż mniejszość białoruska w Polsce liczy niespełna 50 tysięcy przedstawicieli. Na przeszkodzie dokładnemu ustaleniu liczebności Białorusinów w Polsce stoją jednak różnego rodzaju przyczyny historyczne oraz społeczno-ekonomiczne, które sprawiają, iż otwarte deklarowanie narodowości nie jest wśród Białorusinów rozpowszechnione. Ostrożnie podchodzić należy również do potocznego utożsamiania prawosławia z białoruskością, gdyż na obszarze wschodniej Białostocczyzny stosunkowo niewielka część ludności wyznania prawosławnego zdecydowała się na zadeklarowanie narodowości innej niż polska.
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